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鼎湖山退化马尾松林、混交林和季风常绿阔叶林土壤全磷和有效磷的比较
引用本文:莫江明.鼎湖山退化马尾松林、混交林和季风常绿阔叶林土壤全磷和有效磷的比较[J].广西植物,2005,25(2):186-192.
作者姓名:莫江明
作者单位:中国科学院华南植物园鼎湖山森林生态系统定位研究站,广东肇庆,526070
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(30270283),中国科学院知识创新工程领域前沿项目,中国科学院华南植物研究所所长基金项目,广东省自然科学基金项目(021524)。
摘    要:土壤全磷和有效磷浓度的变化随林型和季节不同而异,总的来说,其大小顺序为:季风常绿阔叶林> 混交林>马尾松林(林型);夏季>冬季>春季>秋季(季节),有效磷浓度为:秋季>春季>冬季>夏季(季 节)。收割林下层和凋落物这种人为干扰活动对土壤全磷含量的影响不明显,但对土壤有效磷含量具有显著 的影响。在试验开始时(1990年5月),土壤全磷和有效磷浓度在马尾松林保护样地(停止人为干扰)和处理样 地(按当地习惯继续收割林下层和凋落物)间的差异均不显著。经七年多的试验后,土壤全磷浓度在保护样地 和处理样地间仍十分相似,但土壤有效磷浓度在保护样地显著高于处理样地,说明保护样地在停止人为干扰 后相对于继续受干扰的处理样地其林地条件得到了改善,从而使土壤有效磷含量也得到提高。只要停止人为 干扰,鼎湖山退化马尾松林土壤有效磷供应力是可以自然恢复到季风常绿阔叶林的水平。

关 键 词:全磷  有效磷  人为干扰  退化  恢复  南亚热带
文章编号:1000-3142(2005)02-0186-07
修稿时间:2004年8月2日

Phosphorus availability of soils under degraded pine, mixed and monsoon evergreen broadleaf forests of subtropical China
MO Jiang-ming.Phosphorus availability of soils under degraded pine, mixed and monsoon evergreen broadleaf forests of subtropical China[J].Guihaia,2005,25(2):186-192.
Authors:MO Jiang-ming
Abstract:The mechanisms underlying the low productivity,low biomass,and low nutrient availability observed previously in the degraded site;and the rate of rehabilitation for the degraded forest. In order to achieve the objectives above,an experiment was established in a MAB reserve of subtropical China in May,1990. The experiment was a paired-plot design,with 20 replicates. Each pair consisted of a treatment(continued harvest)and control(no harvest)plot,10 m×10 m in size,and surrounded by a 10 m wide buffer strip. In the treatment plots,local people continued to harvest litter and understory according to local practice(about 2~3 times a year)from the beginning of the experiment in May,1990. The harvesting according to local practice occurred during the period 1990~1995 after which time it was stopped. Control plots were protected from any harvesting. Each plot of a pair was similar in soil, slope, aspect and elevation to its matched plot. Total P and available P of the soil varied significantly depending on forest and season. Overall,total P and available P concentrations ranked as follows:MEBF >MF>PF(forest);summer>winter>spring>fall(season)for total P,and fall>spring>winter>summer(season)for available P. In addition to significant main effects,interactions of forest and season for total P and available P concentrations were also significant. Harvesting understory and litter had significant effects on soil available P but not on total P of the soil in the pine forest during the studied period of 1990 to 1998. At the beginning of the study(May,1990),there was no significant difference in soil total P and available P concentrations between treatment(harvesting understory and litter according to practice of local people)and control(no harvest)plots. After treating for 7 years,although there was still no significant difference in soil total P concentrations between treatment and control plots,concentration of available P was significantly higher in control plots than that in treatment plots,indicating that the site fertility in control plots had been enhanced after stopping harvesting. The results of this study also suggested that successful rehabilitation of soil P availability on severely degraded lands was possible,as long as harvesting of understory and litter was removed.
Keywords:phosphorus availability  human impact  degradation  restoration  subtropics
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