马铃薯离体再生及人工种子研究

马铃薯３个品种虎头，克４和Ｆａｖｏｒｉｔａ的茎叶外植体在ＭＳ＋１ｍｇ／ＬＮＡＡ＋１ｍｇ／ＬＢＡ培养基上形成愈伤组织。在ＭＳ＋０２ｍｇ／ＬＮＡＡ＋１ｍｇ／ＬＢＡ培养基上，愈伤组织分化产生不定芽。在ＭＳ＋００５ｍｇ／ＬＮＡＡ培养基上，不定芽生根形成再生完整植株。０２～０３ｃｍ大小的不定芽反复继代可持续增殖。有３个以上叶片的不定芽在ＭＳ＋５ｍｇ／ＬＢＡ＋００５ｍｇ／ＬＩＢＡ培养基上和黑暗条件下，在侧芽或顶芽部位形成微型薯。用４％海藻酸钠和２％氯化钙溶液包裹０２～０３ｃｍ大小的不定芽或直径为０２～０３ｃｍ的微型薯制成微芽人工种子和微薯人工种子。在４℃下贮存２个月后，微芽人工种子和微薯人工种子在有菌腐殖土壤中播种２１ｄ的萌发率分别是１５７％和９６２％。

Studies on in vitro regeneration and artificial seeds of potato

Calli of three genotypes of potato of Hutou, Kesi, and Favorita were induced by culturing their stem and leaf explants on MS medium containing 1 mg/L NAA and 1 mg/L BA Adventitious buds were induced from calli on MS medium with 0 2 mg/L NAA and 1 mg/L BA Adventitious shoots rooted to form whole regeneration plants on MS medium suppled with 0 05 mg/L NAA Proliferation of shoots could be obtained on differentiation medium by subcultured of buds of 0 2～0 3 cm in height Microtubers were induced from shoots on MS medium containging 5 mg/L BA and 0 05 mg/L IBA in darkness Artificial seeds were produced by encapsulated both adventitious buds and microtubers of 0 2～0 3 cm in size in 4% sodium alginate and 2% CaCl 2 After preservation at 4 ℃ for two months, the highest germination frequency of bud artificial seeds and microtuber artificial seeds were 15 7% and 96 2% in the 21th day of germination in soil, respectively