基于过氧化物同工酶分析月季种质资源的亲缘关系及杂种真实性

为了提高种质资源利用率,加速月季育种进程,对27份月季种质及3个杂交组合的8个杂交后代,采用过氧化物酶(POD)同工酶方法分析其亲缘关系并进行杂种真实性鉴定。结果表明:月季种质采用POD同工酶分析具有一定的可行性。酶谱分析中,在相对迁移率为0.264~0.858的位点处共获得7条酶带,其中共有酶带3条,特征酶带4条,表明不同月季种质间遗传多样性丰富,但又存在一定同源性。基于酶带特征进行聚类分析,在相似系数为0.57处,可将27份供试材料分为3个大组。合柱组与月季组材料聚在一个大组中,两个组在形态上的相似性再次得到确认。金樱子与硕苞蔷薇分别聚在两个不同的组中,表明二者之间的亲缘关系较远。供试的古老月季品种被聚在两个不同的大组中,与野生种聚成的一组呈平行关系,表明古老月季在起源上的差异较大,可利用其作为杂交亲本进行广泛杂交以选育具有丰富遗传多样性的杂交后代。根据有无父本特征酶带对杂种后代真实性进行鉴定,初步确定2个杂交组合的6个杂交后代中5个为真实杂种,1个为自交种。该研究结果为进一步开展月季遗传育种奠定了基础。

Genetic relationships and hybrids reality in rose germplasm based on POD isozyme

In order to improve the utilization of germplasm resources, and to accelerate the process of rose breeding, peroxidase(POD)isozyme patterns of 27 rose germplasm resources and 8 progenies of 3 hybrid combinations were studied with vertical polyacrylamide plate electrophoresis. The results showed that it had certain feasibility to do these researches with POD isozyme in Rosa. Three general enzyme bands and four specific enzyme bands at seven isozyme loci(Rf from 0.264 to 0.858)were obtained according to zymogram analysis,which indicated the genetic diversity were abundant,but there were some homology among these materials. The 27 materials could be divided into three groups based on the UPGMA cluster analysis at the similar coefficient 0.57. According to the clustering results, materials from sections Synstylae and Indicae were clustered within one same group, the morphological similarity between these two sections was confirmed again based on our POD isozyme analyses. Whereas Rosa laevigata,and R. bracteata were separated in two different groups,which indicated that these two accessions were distantly related to each other. The samples of old garden roses used in this study were divided into two different groups,and in parallel with the group made of wild species,it indicated that large differences existed on the origin of these samples, which could be used for wide crosses in order to get hybrid offsprings with abundant genetic diversities. Furthermore, according to whether there were specific enzyme bands of male parent in the progenies, five of six hybrids among two hybrid combinations were initially identified as true ones, and the rest one was self-cross variety. These findings could offer basic data for further studies on genetic breeding of rose.