绿化废弃物资源化利用促进绿色农业循环发展

绿化废弃物资源化循环利用对树立环保理念,引领人们积极参与绿化垃圾收集、分类,提高农业绿色可持续发展和生态保护及实施"沃土工程"具有重要意义。该研究利用校园绿化产生的绿化废弃物,采用条垛发酵技术进行堆肥发酵,制成有机覆盖物和土壤改良剂,对土壤改良剂物理性质(容重、总孔隙度、持水孔隙、p H值、EC值等指标)和营养含量及土壤改良剂浸提液发芽率进行了测定。随后将土壤改良剂应用到校园试验田中进行土壤改良,并通过测定土壤改良前后大田土壤物理性质和营养含量及凤仙花和油菜生长状况对土壤改良剂进行效果评估;同时将有机覆盖物分别应用在校园树穴、校园裸土表面和花坛中进行示范,调查处理样方四个季节杂草含量及杂草抑制率进行有机覆盖物效果评价。结果表明:油菜在改良土壤中长势优于对照,土壤改良剂对土壤板结和土壤可耕性具有较好的改良效果。生长在土壤改良剂基质中的凤仙花长势不如购买基质,表明土壤改良剂不适合直接作为营养栽培基质;有机覆盖物应用在校园树穴、校园裸土表面和花坛中,对杂草具有显著抑制作用并具有很好的景观效果。此外,还对堆肥关键技术和目前绿化废弃物资源化存在的问题进行了讨论。

Recycling utilization of green wastes promotes the sustainable development of green agriculture

The recycling utilization of green wastes has great significance for establishing the concept of environmental protection, leading people to actively participate in collection and classification of green wastes, promoting green wastes recycling and ecological protection as well as strategy for green sustainable development. In this study, the green wastes from campus greening were used for making organic mulch and soil amendment by composting technology. Physical properties(bulk density, total porosity, water holding porosity, pH value and EC value)of soil amendment, soil nutrient content as well as the germination rate of extract of soil amendment were measured. Then the soil amendment was applied into the campus experimental soil for soil improvement. The effects of soil amendment were evaluated by determinating physical properties and nutrient content of soil field as well as growth of impatiens and rapeseed grown in the improved soil. Organic mulch effect was evaluated by investigating weed content and the weed inhibition rate of four plots in the four seasons. The results showed that the growth of rapeseed grown in improved soil was better than that in the control. Soil amendment had better improvement effects on hardening soil and soil arability. The growth of the impatiens grown in the soil amendment was inferior to that in the control, which indicates that the soil amendment is not suitable for nutritional growth media. The organic mulch applied on campus has significant suppression effects of weed and dust as well as good landscape effect. The key technologies of compost and the existing problems of green waste utilization were also discussed in this paper.