油茶叶片营养元素、叶脉密度及生理指标随树龄变化规律及其与产量的相关性

该研究关注了不同树龄油茶叶片的营养元素含量、叶脉密度及生理指标,旨在了解它们随树龄的变化规律及其对产量的影响。结果表明：(1)不同树龄间金属或稀土元素含量差异显著；大部分元素随树龄的增加表现为先增后减的变化趋势,但不同元素达到最大含量的树龄不尽相同；(2)叶脉呈网络状分布,根据叶脉直径大小分为粗、中、细三个等级；粗、中叶脉密度随树龄的变化不明显,细叶脉密度随树龄呈先增后减变化趋势。(3)叶绿素、MDA、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白质含量以及POD活性等生理指标均随树龄的变化,表现出各自变化规律。(4)叶绿素含量、POD活性、稀土元素总量以及细叶脉密度与产量表现出明显正相关关系(P<0.05, P<0.01)。该研究结果丰富了油茶的基础资料,可为油茶的栽培与管理提供些许参考,并提示人们可以利用叶片的部分营养、生理、结构指标来跟踪监测植株状态和预测产量。

Changs laws of nutrient elements, veins density, physiological index in Camellia oleifera leaves with different tree ages and their correlation with yield

In the present research, the nutrient element, veins density and physiological index in Camellia oleifera leaves of different tree ages were compared to understand their change laws with tree age and the responding effects on yield. The results were as follows:(1)There were significant differences in the content of metal elements or rare earth elements among different ages; almost all elements showed the regularity of increasing first then decreasing with tree age while they reached the maximum content at the different ages.(2)Veins distributed in a network pattern and could be divided into three categories of great, medium and fine vein by diameter; density of great and medium vein did not change significantly while density of fine vein showed a change law of increasing first then decreasing with tree age.(3)Physiological indexes such as the content of chlorophyll, MDA, soluble sugar and soluble protein and the POD activity showed unique change laws with three ages.(4)Chlorophyll content, POD activity, total content of rare earth element and density of fine vein showed significant positive correlation with the yield(P<0.05, or P<0.01). This study will provide the reference for its cultivation and management, the parameters of nutrition, physiological and structural of the leaves can be used for tracking plant state and predicting yield.