不同松树种间杂交类型的可育性分析

探究不同松树种间杂交可育性,为松树种间杂交育种亲本选配提供依据,进而为松树的杂种优势研究积累材料。该研究利用随机区组设计,通过92个松树种间杂交组合与20个半同胞对照,分析9种松树种间杂交类型子代的平均球果产种数、平均球果产种量、百粒重、发芽率与成苗率5项育性指标,综合球果期、种期与苗期3个阶段的表现,利用模糊数学隶属函数法对不同松树种间杂交类型进行可育性综合评价。结果表明:加勒比松×湿地松(C×E)、湿地松×加勒比松(E×C)与湿地松×火炬松(E×T) 3种杂交类型育性表现优于或接近相应的半同胞对照,马尾松×湿地松(M×E)、马尾松×火炬松(M×T)、马尾松×加勒比松(M×C)、火炬松×加勒比松(T×C)、火炬松×马尾松(T×M)与火炬松×湿地松(T×E)杂交类型育性表现远低于半同胞对照,表现出低育性甚至不育。综合5项育性指标,亚组内杂交育性的整体表现明显优于亚组间杂交;湿地松与加勒比松为母本的3种杂交组合育性表现总体水平明显优于马尾松与火炬松为母本的另外6种杂交组合。9种杂交类型中除了火炬松×湿地松(T×E)外,均获得了具有生活力的杂交子代,尤其马尾松与3种国外松的杂交子代在相关研究中是首次获得,对松树种间杂交育种的研究具有重要意义。

Fertility of different interspecific hybrid types of pines

The aim of this study was to explore the fertility of interspecific hybridization of different pines, to provide basis for parents selection of interspecific hybrid breeding of pines, and to accumulate materials for the study of heterosis of pines. In this study, average number of seed production, average weight of seed production, 100-seed weight, germination rate and seedling rate of the progenies of nine interspecific hybrid types of pine trees were analyzed by 92 interspecific hybrid combinations and 20 half-sib controls using randomized block design. The performance of the progenies in cone, seed and seedling stage was analyzed comprehensively, and comprehensive evaluation of the fertility of cross types of different pine species was done by using the fuzzy mathematical membership function. The results were as follows: The three hybrid types of Pinus caribaea×P. elliottii(C×E), P. elliottii×P. caribaea(E×C)and P. elliottii×P. taeda(E×T)were better than or close to half-sib controls, and P. massoniana×P. elliottii(M×E), P. massoniana×P. taeda(M×T), P. massoniana×P. caribaea(M×C), P. taeda×P. caribaea(T×C), P. taeda×P. massoniana(T×M)and P. taeda×P. elliottii(T×E)were much lower than those of half-sib controls. According to the five fertility indexes, the overall performance of hybridization in the subgroup was better than that of intersubgroup hybridization, and that of the three hybrids of P. elliottii and P. caribaea as female parent was better than that of the other six hybrids of P. massoniana and P. taeda as female parent. In addition to P. taeda×P. elliottii(T×E), the living hybrid offspring were obtained in all the nine hybrids, especially the living hybrid offspring of P. massoniana and three kinds of foreign pines were obtained for the first time in relevant studies. It is of great significance to the study of interspecific hybridization breeding of pine trees.