在开发利用中的广西植物资源

<正> 引言 一、广西现有植物资源概况 (一)科、属、种的构成 (二)用途类别统计 (三)性状划分统计 (四)优势植物 (五)特有植物和受保护植物 (六)入载为模式的植物 二、广西植物资源直接利用概况 (一)政府部门收购及生产单位的利用 (二)民间利用 三、广西植物资源开发应用的试验研究 (一)种类的调查发现 (二)综合性的调查 (三)应用上的研究 (四)研究成果的社会效益和经济效益 四、广西植物资源开发利用途径的探讨

GUANGXI'S PUNT RESOURCES BEING EXPLOITED

The investigation of Guangxi's plant resource started from 1928 while the Chinese botanists began their collection in Guangxi, But more sciences were done together on to this investigation with taxonomy, ecology. phytochemistry, pharmacology, cultivation and processing at present.Counting up recently the number of taxa of phanerogams in Guangxi, there are 7217 taxa including 6602 species, 23 subspecies, 541 varieties and 51 forms pertaining to 1778 genera of 283 families.According to usage to classify, there are 629 kinds of timbers,2426 of medicinal plants, 387 of fibres, 352 of eatable maters, 109 of starches,338 of oils and fats, 156 of aromatics, 148 of tanins and 8 of rubbers.According to life form, there are 1832 trees, 1698 shrubs, 530 climbers and 3157 herbs.There are 554 genera pertaining to the tropical zone and 474 genera to tropical-subtropical zone. The total number of species of, these two kinds of genera holding 60.55% of the species number of Guangxi flora.The families of species number over 100 are: Papilionaceae (266), Com-positae (231), Gramineae (215), Rubiaceae (189), Orchidae (186), Lauraceae (171), Theaceae (160), Rosaceae (158), Euphorbiaceae (152), Cyperaceae (129), Urticaceae (121), Fagaceae (119), Labiatae (115), Asclepiadac-eae (105).The families of species number holding or over the percentage 50% of the same family of China flora are: Commelinaceae (67.31%), Caesalpinaceae (66.30%), Styracaceae (64.81%), Menispermaceae (61.11%), Symplocaceae (58.75%), Myrtaceae (53.49%) .Zingiberaceae (51.75%) .Malvaceae (50.63^), Cucurbitaceae (50.00%). There are 526 species, 2 subspecies, 79 varieties and 6 forms endemic to Guangxi.There are 980 species as new plants published of which the types or paratypes collected in Guangxi. The families including genera and species comparatively more than those of other families are (It is genera:species written in parentheses) : Theaceae (10:86), Gesnericeae (17:70), Urticaceae (7:48),Ericaceae (3:40), Bambusoideae (13:36), Lauraceae (10:36), Rosaceae (11:35), Zingiberaceae (6:29), Apocynaceae (15:25), Aceraceae (1:24).From 1950 to 1980, 34,180,615 cubic metres of timber have been cuted. There are 921.47 million yuan of medicinal material purchased by government in the past thirty years. The fibre material of paper making use up each year (1984 as a example) with timber 170 thousand cubic metres and other miscellaneous materials 810 thousand tons. 1972-1984 purchased by government of oils and fats : 916,980 tons of pine resin, 12,323 tons of Litsea seeds, 2,873 tons of oil of Litsea, 2,180 tons of seed of Sapium, 9.5 tons of oil of Sapium and 6,026 tons of miscellaneous oil and fat. 1973-1984 starch material purchased total 103,240 tons. Tanin material purchased in 1974-3984, 228, 896 tons, cost 57,224,112 yuan. Wild fruits (Actinidia) used directly by beverage factories cost 200 thousand yuan each year in last several years.Having a large quantity in exploiting, a large output value and a large influence on society and people's living activity are the timber and medicinal materials.