广东石门台自然保护区广东松群落的基本特征

应用样方法研究了广东英德石门台自然保护区的广东松群落的物种多样性、区系地理成分和年龄结构。结果表明,在2 000 m2样方中,有维管植物68种,隶属于38科57属,其中有广东松、白豆杉和福建柏3种国家Ⅱ级保护植物。群落的Simpson和Shannon-Wiener多样性指数分别为0.880 7和3.977 3。群落优势科为山茶科、樟科、壳斗科、木兰科和杜鹃花科等,植物科属的地理成分以泛热带和北温带分布型等占优势,体现了南亚热带向中亚热带过渡的特点。种群的立木结构表明广东松无更新幼苗,属于衰退种群,将来可能被阔叶树种群取代。对广东松群落的保护,将有利于群落中多个濒危植物的生存和发展。

Basic characteristics of Pinus kwangtungensis community in Shimentai Nature Reserve,Guangdong

The basic characteristics of Pinus kwangtungensis community in Shimentai Nature Reserve,Guangdong, were studied by using the method of quadrat. There are 68 species of vascular plants belonging to 57 genera and 38 families in an area of 2 000 m2 ,including 3 species of P. kivwangtungensis,Pseudotaxus chienii and Fokienia hodginsii which are Chinese protective species. The species indexes of Simpson and Shannon-Wiener in the community are 0. 880 7 and 3. 977 3, respectively. The dominant families of community are Theaceae,Lauraceae,Fagaceae,Magnoliaceae,and Ericaceae,etc. Most of the floristic elements of family and genera are Pan-tropical and North temperate distributed,and this shows the character of transition of south subtropical and mid-subtropical elements. Analysis on the age structure of the community indicated that P. kwangtungensis expressed a declining tendency, which suggested that it would be replaced by other population of broadleaf species in the future. Protection of P. kwangtungensis community will benefit to the survival and development of some endangered species in the community.