中日5个岛屿山茶种群遗传多样性研究

运用ISSR分子标记法对中、日两国5个岛屿天然山茶种群共150个个体进行遗传多样性分析。结果表明:筛选出的20条引物扩增得到205条清晰条带,其中183条为多态性条带,多态位点百分比(PPB)为89.27%。经POPGENE软件分析,山茶种群平均多态位点百分比(PPB)为72.00%,Nei’s基因多样性指数(HE)为0.2743,Shannon信息多态性指数(H)为0.4023,种群水平遗传多样性较高。基因分化系数Gst=0.2033,表明遗传变异主要存在于种群内个体间。Mantel检验(r=0.7989,P<0.05)和UPGMA聚类表明岛屿地理隔离对山茶种群遗传分化具有重要影响。基于岛屿山茶种群遗传结构的分析,建议加强我国岛屿自然种群的就地保护力度。

Studyon population genetic diversityof Camellia japonicain 5islands between China and Japan

Camellia japonicais an important horticultural species,widely distributed in East-Asia.5populations of C.japonicacollected from China and Japan were analyzed by ISSR markers to detect the genetic diversity.A total of 205discernible loci were obtained from all populations using 20primers.Of these loci,89.27% were polymorphic(PPB=89.27%).The average percentage of polymorphic loci(PPB=72.00%),Nei ’ s gene diversity(HE= 0.2743) and Shannon ’ s Information Index(H=0.4023),estimated by POPGENE,indicated that C.japonica had higher level genetic diversity than many other insular plant species.The coefficient gene differentiation(Gst) was 0.2033,which showed more variation were from the individuals of the populations.According to Mantel Test(r= 0.7989,P<0.05) and UPGMA,insular geographical isolation have an important influence on genetic structure.In order to maintain genetic diversity and resource utilization of C.japonicathat natural population should be protected in situ from human disturbance to facilitate its natural generation.