位置效应对巫山淫羊藿花蜜分泌和结实的影响

位置效应在开花植物中广泛存在。以野生巫山淫羊藿种群为研究对象,运用单因素方差分析法,研究位置效应对结实性和花蜜分泌的影响。结果表明:三个巫山淫羊藿种群不同位置的结实率显著差异,其中基部的结实率明显大于中部和顶部; 位置效应对果实重量及果实长、宽的影响均显著,表现出基部>中部>顶部的趋势; 总状花序上不同开花位置对单个果实种子数的影响显著,且基部大于顶部。但位置效应对单个果实种子败育率的影响不显著,均值呈现顶部>中部>基部变化规律; 巫山淫羊藿不同开花位置的花蜜常备量和含糖量的差异显著。三个种群基部的花蜜常备量较高,而花蜜含糖量在顶部较高。因此,对巫山淫羊藿野生种群进行研究与保护时应注意位置效应对生殖成功的影响,选择基部果实进行试验或育种,应维持种群多样性及稳定性。

Effects of position on nectar secretion and fruit set of Epimedium wushanense

Position effect is a common phenomenon in flowering plant. In this experiment,we studied the position effect within inflorescence in Epimedium wushanense and researched the effects of different positions on reproductive success as well as nectar secretion using One-way ANOVA. The results indicated that the fruit set of E. wushanense was influenced by the different positions significantly. Among the three different positions,the fruit set of base fruit was significantly higher than that of top and middle fruit. Among these three positions of inflorescence,differences in fruit weight,fruit length and breadth were all significant,and for all base>middle>top. The seed number per fruit was influenced significantly by different positions of raceme,and base fruit have more seeds than top fruit. While the differences of the rate of seed abortion per fruit in different positions were not significant,though mean value showed top>middle>base. Nectar standing crop and sugar content were influenced by position significantly. In these three populations,the nectar standing crop in base flowers was higher than that in other positions,but the sugar content of nectar was higher in top flowers. Therefore,in order to protect diversity and stability of E. wushanense populations,we should pay attention to influence on reproductive success caused by position effect,study and protect wild populations of E. wushanense. Meanwhile,we should choose base fruits for experiments and breeding.