高校新型植物标本馆的建立与发展——以河南农业大学植物标本馆为例

高校标本馆作为重要的科普和教学实践基地,是连接大学与社会的桥梁,在提升高校社会影响力和加快高校发展中起着重要作用。目前,高校标本馆普遍存在经费少和缺乏管理等问题。如何立足高校现状,有效解决标本采集和标本数字化过程中耗时耗力的难题,建设具有地方特色的新型植物标本馆,是高校标本馆建设关注的焦点之一。该文以河南农业大学植物标本馆新馆建设为例,介绍了河南农业大学标本馆成立以来,充分发挥高校的人力资源优势,让学生通过实验课或野外实习积极参与新型植物标本馆的建设,基本实现了标本采集、制作、鉴定和数字化的同步进行。在这一过程中,既有效锻炼了学生能力,加深了学生对植物形态的认识,发挥了植物标本馆在教学、科学研究及科学普及中的积极作用,又极大地丰富了标本馆馆藏量,有效地促进了高校新型植物标本馆的发展。

Foundation and development of new herbariums in colleges and universities: A case of Henan Agricultural University Herbarium

As the important base for science popularization and teaching practice, the herbarium serves as a bridge between the university and the society, and plays an important role in enlarging social influence and accelerating the development of colleges and universities. At present, there are many common problems in the development of herbarium, such as lack of funds and poor management. How to effectively resolve these problems is the focus during the foundation of new herbarium. Taking Henan Agricultural University Herbarium(HEAC)as an example, we introduce the pattern of the construction of new herbarium in colleges and universities, in which students are encouraged to take part in the collection, mounting, annotation, labeling and digitization of specimens through experimental or practice course. Taking the advantage of human resources in colleges and universities, the synchronization of specimen making and digitization has been realized. Additionally, the participation in the specimen making not only deepened student''s understanding of plant morphology, but also greatly enriched the collection of herbarium specimens.