Molecular markers to differentiate two morphologically-close species of the genus Sitobion |
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Authors: | Christian C. Figueroa Jean-Christophe Simon Jean-Francois Le Gallic Hermann M. Niemeyer |
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Affiliation: | (1) School of Biological Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK |
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Abstract: | The effect of allelochemicals from its host, the larva of the cabbage root fly, Delia radicum (L.) (Diptera: Anthomyiidae), and the host's food plant on the ovipositor probing response of the parasitoid Trybliographa rapae (Westw.) (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) were investigated. Trybliographa rapae probed both cabbage root fly infested and uninfested swede (Brassica napus var. napobrassica), although significantly more wasps responded to infested swede. Antennal sensilla are likely to be the mediators of this response. The synomones and kairomones involved are extractable in water, diethyl ether and methanol. No response was observed to washed, starved cabbage root fly larvae. Wasps spent significantly longer searching infested swede than uninfested, although probing frequency remained constant. It is suggested that the initiation of probing in T. rapae is dependent on a threshold concentration of general synomones or host related synomones and kairomones, whereas time spent searching a particular area is dependent on the environment perceived by sensilla on the ovipositor. |
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Keywords: | parasitoid Hymenoptera Cynipidae ovipositor probing cabbage root fly host location contact chemoreception synomones kairomones |
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