月季种质资源的倍性变异及核型多样性研究(英文)

采用常规压片法对包括5个蔷薇野生种、8个古老月季及9个现代月季品种共22份月季种质资源进行核型分析。供试材料共有3种不同倍性:5个野生种中粉团蔷薇为三倍体(2n=3x=21),其他4个材料为二倍体(2n=2x=14);9个现代月季品种均为四倍体(2n=4x=28);而古老月季品种中包含二、三、四倍体3种倍性。22份材料中共发现4种不同类型的核型,在野生种中为1A、2A;古老月季中为1A、2A、1B;现代月季中为1A、1B、2B。另外,供试材料在核不对称系数、着丝粒指数、随体数目及位置、染色体相对长度组成等方面差异较大,说明在月季种质资源中存在着丰富的核型多样性。

Ploidy Variation and Karyological Diversity in Rose Germplasm

A karyological study of 22 Rosa taxa,including 5 wild species,8 old garden roses and 9 modern cultivars,was performed using traditional squashing and pressing methods.There are three ploidy levels among the taxa,R.multiflora var.cathayensis is triploid with 21 chromosomes(2n=3x=21),the other wild taxa are diploid with 14 chromosomes(2n=2x=14),and the modern rose taxa are all tetraploid with 28 chromosomes(2n=4x=28),while the old garden roses contain all three ploidies.Four karyotypes(1A,2A,1B and 2B) have been found among the taxa,with 1A and 2A in wild species,1A,2A and 1B in old garden roses,and 1A,1B and 2B in modern roses.Also,the studied taxa differ from each other in the asymmetry index,centromere index,satellite position and number and constitution of relative lengths.The results indicate that karyological diversity is abundant in Rosa germplasm resources.