不同品种(系)小豆根系活力与叶片衰老的关联研究

以高产小豆品种(系)‘2000-75’、‘冀红9218’和低产品种(系)‘红宝1号’、‘湾选1号’为材料,测定小豆开花至成熟期,根系与始花节位叶片生长指标、保护酶活性、可溶性蛋白含量等变化,分析其根系与始花叶协同衰老的相关性,以揭示小豆根系活力与地上部叶片衰老之间的关系。结果表明:(1)各品种(系)开花后,植株根系伤流强度随着花后生育进程的推进呈单峰增长趋势,但根系活力的衰老起始期晚于叶片功能的衰退开始期。(2)从开花至成熟期,小豆根系活力与叶片中超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、叶绿素含量、可溶性蛋白、叶片净光合速率都存在正相关关系,与丙二醛含量呈负相关关系。(3)与低产品种相比,高产小豆品种(系)‘2000-75’和‘冀红9218’的根系活力强,叶片功能期持续时间长,叶绿素含量下降速度慢,保护性酶含量高,使花后小豆的功能叶捕获光能的能力增强,从而形成较高光合能力的小豆群体,最终获得高产。

Relationship between Root Activity and Leaf Senescence in Different Adzuki Bean Cultivars (lines)

In 2008-2009 years, high-yielding cultivars 2000-75 and Jihong9812, and low-yielding cultivars Hongbao1 and Wanxuan1 adopted in the summer-sowing areas of adzuki bean, to investigation of root, growth index, antioxidative enzyme, soluble protein contents from the flowering stage to maturing stage,In order to promulgate between the root system and the leaf senescence characteristic contacts. The result indicated that the root activity began to rise at the early flowering stage,peaked at the peak flowering and pods formation stage and then rapidly declined, but the root activity began to decline later than the leaf activity. After flowing, the relationship of the root activity with the antioxidative enzyme (SOD and CAT) activity, the content of chlorophyll and soluble protein and photosynthetic rate of start leaves was positive; with their membrane lipid peroxidation product MDA was negative. Compared with low-yield varieties, high-yield varieties maintained higher contents of root activity, chlorophyll contents, Pn and SOD, CAT in the late stages, indicating that delaying or slowing down the leaf senescence plays an important role on yield.