西瓜无籽变异株果实发育期激素含量变化特征

以辐射变异西瓜自交分离系内果实有籽株‘406F’和无籽株‘406S’为试验材料,采用形态学观察及酶联免疫吸附分析法(ELISA)对其果实发育过程以及果肉与种子内源激素动态变化进行比较研究。结果表明:(1)两类西瓜果实纵横径随生育期推进呈相似的‘慢-快-慢’的‘单S’增长曲线,而果实重量及种子的变化则不同。‘406S’果实重量增加速率较恒定,其种子授粉后15 d停止生长,纵横径及重量开始降低;‘406F’果实重量变化呈‘快-慢-快’的‘双S’曲线,种子大小和重量随发育进程增加迅速。(2)两类西瓜果实发育期果肉与种子内源激素水平及峰值的时间有差异。‘406S’子房赤霉素(GAs)和玉米素核苷(ZRs)含量在授粉后0~3 d较高,且授粉后3~15 d果肉生长素(IAA)含量也高于有籽果实;‘406F’果肉GAs与ZRs含量则在授粉后6~21 d较高,且GAs含量变化与果实纵横径发育曲线相吻合。‘406S’种子IAA、GAs、ZRs含量相对较低,只有脱落酸(ABA)含量随种子退化进程增幅较大;‘406F’种子4种激素含量相对较高,且随种子的发育变幅较大。研究认为,无籽果实与有籽果实发育机制不同,果肉4种激素水平的差异对果实形状影响不大,但对重量增长影响较大;种子内源激素含量与种子发育关系密切,但无籽西瓜种子内源激素含量对果实发育无明显作用。

Hormonal Changes in Developing Fruits of Seedless Mutant of Watermelon

Seedless plants '406S' and seeded plants '406F',offsprings of a radiated mutant '406' were taken as materials.With the method of morphology and ELISA,the dynamic changes of the fruit growth of watermelon were studied as well as the endogenous hormones in pulp and seed.The results showed that the vertical and horizontal diameter of two types fruits presented similar changes as single S-curves with'slow-quick-slow'growth patterns,while the fruit weight and seed growth are different.The '406S' fruit weight inc...