泽漆营养器官发育解剖学研究

采用石蜡切片法、半薄切片法对泽漆营养器官的发育过程进行了观察,同时对3种器官中乳汁管的分布和大小进行了分析。结果表明:泽漆根的发育类似于草本双子叶植物根的一般发育规律。初生木质部为三原型。茎的初生结构由表皮、皮层、维管束环和髓构成,其髓中有空腔,而茎的次生生长过程中维管形成层的活动短暂,仅产生少量次生维管组织,不形成周皮。叶的发育包括原分生组织、初生分生组织和成熟结构3个阶段,属于异面叶结构。泽漆乳汁管主要分布在维管束韧皮部的外侧。在3种器官中,乳汁管直径差异较大,依次为根>茎>叶。

Developmental Anatomy Study of Vegetative Organs in Euphorbia helioscopia L.

The development of vegetative organs of Euphorbia helioscopia L.and the types,distribution and sizes of laticifers in these three organs were investigated by using paraffin sectioning and semi-thin sectioning.The results showed that:The development of E.helioscopia roots was similar with the normal developmental pattern of dicotyledonous herbs.The primary xylem was triarch.Primary structure of the stem consist of the epidermis,cortex,vascular bundle ring and pith,however,there were some cavities in pith.The activities of vascular cambium of stems were inactive in secondary growth process,only little secondary vascular tissue was produced.It did not form periderms.However,the development of E.helioscopia leaves could be divided into three stages:promeristem,primary meristem and mature structure.The leaf was the typical bifacial one.The laticifers of E.helioscopia were mainly distributed around the phloem of the vascular bundle.The diameter of laticifers varied slightly in three organs,whose descending order lists as root,stem and leaf.