芋侧球茎发生发育的形态学机理

观察了魁芋和多子芋腋芽、侧球茎发生发育的形态学变化规律，分析了主球茎顶芽和不同发育期腋芽中蛋白质的组成。结果表明，魁芋每一叶轮上腋芽数目为１；多子芋为３或３个以上，其中一个体积较大。魁芋侧球茎发育初期伸长的速度大于增粗，首先形成圆柱型，然后顶端膨大形成体积很小的侧球茎。多子芽腋芽伸的同时茎部明显变粗，首先形成圆锥型，然后发育成品种特有的形状。根据发育进程将腋芽发育分成ＡＢ１－ＡＢ９个时期，将主球茎

Morphological mechanism of cormel initiation and development in taro ( Colocasia esculenta L.Schott)

Morphological changes during initiation and development of axillary buds and cormels in monocorm and multi corm taro were studied.Protein content in the top andaxillary buds at different developmental stages was analyzed.Results showed that while there was one axillary bud on every leaf layer in mono corm taro,there were more than three in multi corm taro with one buds bigger than others.Axillary bud development processes varied with genotypes.They firstly elongated to form cylinder shaped comels;and then these comels swelled at the distal end to produce relatively very small propagation organs in the case of mono corm taro.These two processes went on nearly simultaneously in multi corm taro.At primary developmental stages axillary buds enlarged into dome shaped comels which ultimately swelled into variety specific shapes.Based on the abovementioned results axillary buds were classified into nine developmental stages AB1~AB9,top bud of corm was designated as AB10.SDS PAGE profiles of top buds and axillary buds indicated that four groups of corm specific protein (CSP) changed with genotypes and bud developmental stages.Molecular weight of group one (CSP1) groups two and three (CSP2,CSP3) were around 60,20 and 14 kD respectively;group four (CSP4) was smaller than 14 kD.In mono corm taro CSP2 and CSP4 appeared when axillary buds developed into AB4.CSP3 appeared when axillary buds elongated into cylinder shaped comels (AB7 and AB8).Content of CSP3 lowered when these cormels swelled in the distal end (AB9),but CSP2 and CSP4 had no such obvious changes.It is concluded that CSP2,CSP3 and CSP4 are characterized by sequential and spatial changes and may be responsible for axillary bud development into cormels.Protein regulation during cormel initiation and development processes were discussed.