中国沙棘属种质资源及其生境类型的研究

沙棘属植物有7种11亚种，中国产7种7亚种，其中2种2亚种是近年发现的新分类群。因而，我国是沙棘属植物种质资源最丰富的地区，也是沙棘资源蕴藏量最大的地区。沙棘属植物广泛分布于我国西南、西北、华北等地的森林——草原(草甸)过渡地带；从垂直分布角度看，无皮组的种类主要分布于海拔3000m以下的中低海拔地区，有皮组的种类则集中分布于3000m以上的中高海拔地区。根据光照、温度、植被类型等因素其生境类型可分为温性乔木林型、温性灌丛型、寒温性灌丛型和高寒灌丛型4种类型。理塘沙棘、棱果沙棘和卧龙沙棘种群数量少，分布区域狭窄，资源十分有限，应加强驯化研究和迁地保护，并提出了合理开发利用沙棘属种质资源的几点建议。

Germplasm resource and habitat types of Seabuckthorn in China

There are 7 species and 11 subspecies in the genus Hippophae of which 7 species and 7 sub-species,including recently new discovered 2 species and 2 subspecies,are distributed in China. That is to say,China is the richest not only in germplasm resources,but also in resource reserves of Seabuckthorn. They are widely distributed in the transition zone of forest-grassland or forest-meadow in southwest, northwest and north regions of China. The vertical distribution is that the taxa in Sect. Hippophae are mainly distributed in the area under alt. 3 000 m,and the taxa in Sect. Gyantsenses are mainly distributed in the area above alt. 3 000 m. According to illumination,temperature and vegetation,their habitats are divid-ed into 4 types: temperate arboreal forest type, temperate shrub type, frigida-temperate shrub type and frigida shrub type. H. goniocarpa subsp. litangensis,H. goniocarpa and H. rhamnoides subsp. sinensis are distributed in narrow area. Their populations and resources are in danger and need urgent efficient manage-ment and protection. Finally ,some suggestions for developing and utilizing the Seabuckthorn germplasm resources were proposed.