小麦品系CP98(11)不同器官表皮蜡质组分和蜡质晶体结构的差异分析

为明确小麦不同器官表皮蜡质晶体结构和蜡质组分的差异,该研究以小麦品系CP98(11)为材料,在小麦扬花期分别取小麦的旗叶、叶鞘、穗下茎、花药和颖壳,利用气相色谱技术对各器官表皮蜡质组分进行鉴定,并通过扫描电镜观察其蜡质晶体结构。结果表明:(1)小麦不同器官的蜡质成分共鉴定出30种,主要为初级醇、二酮、烷烃、脂肪醛、脂肪酸、酯。(2)叶鞘、穗下茎、颖壳的蜡质中二酮含量最高,分别占蜡质总量的78.96%、67.03%和68.6%;花药的蜡质中烷烃含量最高(75.82%);旗叶的蜡质中初级醇含量最高(45.91%),其次为烷烃33.19%。(3)扫描电镜观察显示,旗叶正面的蜡质晶体呈片状结构,旗叶反面和颖壳的蜡质晶体结构呈片状与柱状混合的结构,花药的蜡质呈明显的波浪状结构,穗下茎和叶鞘的蜡质晶体呈柱状结构。

Analysis of Cuticular Wax Components and Crystal Structures in Different Organs of Wheat Line CP98(11)

In order to clarify the difference of waxy crystal structures and waxy components in different organs of wheat, we selected the flag leaf, leaf sheath, peduncle, anthers and glumes of wheat from the wheat cultivar CP98 (11) during the flowering stage as material. The wax composition of each organ was identified by gas chromatography, and the waxy crystal structure was observed by scanning electron microscope. The results showed that 30 compounds were identified as the wax components of different organs of wheat, mainly primary alcohols, diketones, alkanes, fatty aldehydes, fatty acids and esters. The highest content of diketones was detected in sheath, peduncle and glume, it was 78.96%, 67.03% and 68.6% of total wax, respectively. In anther, the content of alkanes was the highest by 75.82%. The content of the primary alcohols was 45.91%, followed by 33.19% of alkanes in flag leaf. Based on the observation of scanning electron microscope, the wax crystal structure on adaxial surface of flag leaf blade was platelet shaped structure, abaxial surface of flag leaf blade and glume surface were covered with platelets and tubules, wave shaped wax structure was observed on anther surface. Similar tubule shaped crystals were found on leaf sheaths and peduncles.