菊花黄绿叶突变体不同类型叶片的叶绿素含量和结构特征比较

以菊花黄绿叶突变体-NAu04-1-31为试验材料,测定了黄叶、黄绿叶和绿叶3种不同类型叶片的叶绿素含量,并观察比较了叶片的显微与超微解剖结构.叶绿素含量测定表明:黄叶、黄绿叶的叶绿素含量显著低于绿叶,而黄叶叶绿素a与叶绿素b的比值大于绿叶.叶绿体显微与超微结构观察发现:黄叶细胞内叶绿体形状不规1则,缺乏正常的叶绿体膜结构,无类囊体,无淀粉粒,嗜锇颗粒较多;黄绿叶叶片栅栏组织绿色部分与绿叶的栅栏组织相似,黄色部分与黄叶的栅栏组织棚似,黄色部分的海绵组织中有类似于绿色叶片的海绵组织结构,而绿色部分含有类似于黄叶的海绵组织的结构特征.绿叶细胞内叶绿体较多,形状规则,基粒片层清晰,其内淀粉粒多而大,嗜锇颗粒较少.

Chlorophyll Contents and Chloroplast Microstructure and Ultrastructure of Leaves in Yellow-Green Mutant of Chrysanthemum

The anatomic structures of chrysanthemum leaves of yellow-green mutant were studied by optical and electron microscopy,and the chlorophyll contents in leaves with different color were analyzed.The results showed that chlorophyll content in yellow and yellow-green leaves were lower than that in green leaves.The ratio of chlorophyll-a and chlorophyll-b in yellow leaves was higher than that in green leaves.In yellow leaves,there were some abnormal chloroplasts in which deficit membrane,thylakoids and starch grains,but more osmiophile globules were observed.In yellow-green leaves,palisade tissue of yellow portion and green portion were similar to that of pure yellow leaves and pure green leaves.However,spongy tissue of yellow or green portion had some similar structure to that of pure green or yellow leaves,respectively.Numerous normal chloroplasts were found in cells of green leaves.In those chloroplasts,a number of big starch grains while fewer osmiophile globules were detected,and the structure of grana lamella was obvious,too.