‘晚大新高’梨授粉及受精过程的显微动态研究

应用荧光显微法和石蜡切片解剖法对‘晚大新高’梨授粉受精过程进行了系统观察研究。结果表明：‘晚大新高’梨自花授粉不结实；异花最佳授粉品种为‘黄花’，其次为‘翠冠’和‘丰水’。与选用‘黄花’为异花授粉品种相比，自花和异花的授粉受精过程存在明显差异，自花花粉在授粉后2h开始萌发，8h花粉管生长至离柱头约1／3处停止生长，顶端膨大呈球形，表现出自交不亲和性；异花花粉在授粉后1h开始部分萌发，8h花粉管生长至花柱中部，24h到达花柱基部并进入子房，48h进入胚囊，72h完成双受精过程。

Micro Dynamic Pollination and Fertilization of the Pear Variety Banndainiitaka(Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai cv. Banndainiitaka

The pollination and fertilization of 'Banndainiitaka' were systematically examined by fluorescence microscopy and paraffin sectioning.It was founded that 'Banndainiitaka' could not set fruit by self-pollination;'Huanghua' was its best pollinator and 'Cuiguan' and 'Hosui' followed.The self-fertilization remarkably differed from the cross-fertilization with 'Huanghua' as the pollinator.The self-pollinated pollens began to germinate two hours after pollination and the pollen tubes stopped growing when penetrating one third of the style from the stigma and enlarged into a globular shape eight hours after pollination,indicating self-incompatibility;the cross-pollinated pollens began to germinate one hour after pollination,the pollen tubes penetrated half of the style from the stigma eight hours after pollination and reached the style base and entered the ovary after twenty four hours,entered the embryo sac forty eight hours after pollination,and the double-fertilization came to an end seventy hours after pollination.