云南野生稻抗褐飞虱评价及其抗性基因鉴定

褐飞虱是水稻生产中最严重的害虫之一,从野生稻中发掘抗虫基因,有利于培育具有抗虫能力强的水稻新品种。该研究通过对云南野生稻进行温室和大田抗虫鉴定以及9个已知抗褐飞虱基因的PCR鉴定,发现云南野生稻对褐飞虱表现出不同程度的抗性,尤其疣粒野生稻和药用野生稻对褐飞虱表现出高抗,可作为抗虫基因发掘的优良抗源材料;不同褐飞虱抗性的云南野生稻中含有的抗褐飞虱基因差异很大,3种野生稻中均不含Bph1和Bph18(t)抗病基因,景洪普通野生稻和元江普通野生稻可能含bph2基因,东乡普通野生稻可能含bph2、Bph15和Bph27(t)基因,疣粒野生稻中可能含bph2和bph19(t)基因,药用野生稻和药用野生稻(宽叶型)中可能含bph2和Bph6基因,药用野生稻F1中可能含bph2、Bph14和bph20(t)基因,药用野生稻F2中可能含bph2和Bph27(t)基因或者其同源基因。该研究为快速发掘利用云南野生稻中的抗虫基因奠定了理论基础。

Evaluation of the Brown Plant Hopper Resistance and Identification of Resistance Genes from Wild Rice in Yunnan

The brown plant hopper(BPH),Nilaparvata lugens,is one of the most destructive pests in rice production.Exploring resistance resources and developing resistance varieties of rice is a low cost and effective solution for protecting rice from BPH.Exploring BPH resistance genes from Yunnan wild rice materials could be used for developing new varieties of rice with high resistance.In this study,nine BPH resistance genes were detected in samples of Yunnan wild rice by phenotypic and PCR identification.The results showed that:Yunnan wild rice got different levels of resistance to BPH.Particularly,O.granulata and O.officinalis were highly resistant to the pest and could be used as excellent materials of insect resistance in breeding.According to PCR detection,the resistance genes Bph1 and Bph18(t) were not found in all three wild rice materials.O.rufipogon from Yuanjiang and Jinghong probably carry bph2.O.rufipogon from Dongxiang probably carry bph2,Bph15 and Bph27(t).O.granulata probably carry bph2 and bph19(t).O.officinalis and O.officinalis(broadleaf) probably carry bph2 and Bph6,respectively.O.officinalis F₁ probably carry bph2,Bph14 and bph20(t).O.officinalis F₂ probably carry bph2 and Bph27(t).These results provided a solid basis for exploring and using new BPH resistance genes from Yunnan wild rice.