二角型非1B/1R 小麦CMS不育恢复体系的建立

通过对具有二角山羊草细胞质的1B/1R型小麦雄性不育系m s(A e.bicorn is)-5-1回交置换,获得了新型二角山羊草细胞质小麦雄性不育系m s(A e.bicor)-V 9125和m s(A e.bicor)-M 853.利用染色体制片、分子标记、原位杂交和酸性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳对其保持系V 9125和M 853进行分子细胞遗传学检测,并对其育性恢复性机理进行了初步研究.结果表明:(1)V 9125和M 853均为非1B/1R易位系.V 9125为小麦-簇毛麦易位系,m s(A e.bicor)-V 9125是二角山羊草细胞质与普通小麦核背景中簇毛麦外源染色体互作产生的一类新的核质互作不育系.(2)M 853为小麦-滨麦易位系,m s(A e.bicor)-M 853是二角山羊草细胞质与普通小麦核背景中滨麦外源染色体互作产生的一类新的核质互作不育系.(3)利用一些普通小麦品种(系)与这两个不育系杂交,m s(A e.bicor)-V 9125和m s(A e.bicor)-M 853仅与T 6-3杂交育性得到恢复,且恢复度较高,变异小,而与其它大部分普通小麦杂交F1表现雄性不育,且扬花期花药不外露.而m s(A e.bicor)-5-1与包括T 6-3在内的普通小麦品种(系)杂交F1育性得到不同程度的恢复.从而得出结论,二角山羊草细胞质与小麦细胞核的互作存在两个不同的不育-恢复系统.

Development of the Fertility Restoration System with Non-1B/IR CMS Wheat Lines with Aegilops bicornis Cytoplasm

Two new types of male sterility wheat lines carrying Ae.bicornis cytoplasm,ms(Ae.bicor)-V9125 and ms(Ae.bicor)-M853,were obtained by the backcrossing and substitution of ms(Ae.bicor)-5-1,a 1BL/1RS male sterility wheat line carrying Ae.bicornis cytoplasm.Chromosome sectioning,SCAR,GISH and APAGE were adopted to conduct the test of V9125 and M853 in molecular genetics and the preliminarily explore their sterility mechanisms.The results showed that(1) both V9125 and M853 were non-1B/1R translocation lines.V9125 was a wheat-Haynaldia villosa transloction line and ms(Ae.bicor)-V9125 was a new type of nucleo-cytoplasmic sterility lines that resulted from the interaction between Ae.bicornis cytoplasm and the exogenous cytoplasm from H.villosa that existed in karyoplasmic background of common wheat.(2) M853 was a wheat-Leymus mollis translocation line and ms(Ae.bicor)-M853 was a new type nucleo-cytoplasmic sterility lines that result from Ae.bicornis and the exogenous chromosome from L.mollis that existed in karyoplasmic background of common wheat.(3) While ms(Ae.bicor)-M853 and ms(Ae.bicor)-V9125 were crossed with some varieties(lines) of common wheat,their fertility was highly and stably restored only in their cross with T6-3 and their F_1 plants in the crosses with the other varieties(lines) of common wheat appeared male sterile and showed hidden anthers.ms(Ae.bicor)-5-1 restored its fertility in the F_1 plants of its crosses with most of other varieties(lines) of common wheat including T6-3 to a variable extent.It is accordingly concluded that there are two different fertility restoration mechanisms in the interaction of Ae.bicornis cytoplasm and wheat karyoplasm.