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古尔班通古特沙漠生物结皮藻类的组成和生态分布研究
引用本文:张丙昌,张元明,赵建成.古尔班通古特沙漠生物结皮藻类的组成和生态分布研究[J].西北植物学报,2005,25(10):2048-2055.
作者姓名:张丙昌  张元明  赵建成
作者单位:[1]河北师范大学生命科学学院,石家庄050016 [2]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,乌鲁木齐830011
基金项目:国家自然科学基金重人研究计划(90202019);中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KZCX3-SW-343)
摘    要:通过对新疆古尔班通古特沙漠中9个样地73份生物结皮土样藻类的培养和鉴定,分析了古尔班通古特沙漠中生物结皮藻类的种类组成和生态分布特点。结果表明.该沙漠中有藻类植物49属121种.隶属于蓝藻门、绿藻门、硅藻门和裸藻门。其中监藻83种,绿藻20种,硅藻11种。裸藻7种。蓝藻占总种数的68.60%,其中又以丝状种类为优势.占66.27%;绿藻则以单细胞种类为主。在古尔班通古特沙漠不同地带中,其藻类物种多样性和群落组成均有所不同,中部藻类物种最为丰富,北部和南部次之。而东部和西部则明显减少。在沙垄不同部位的分布中,少数种类对地貌部位的选择性不明显,但有些种类在不同地貌部位分布有差异。藻类在结皮不同层次的分布不同,在结皮层中藻类的种类和数量都较丰富.且以丝状种类较多,而在结皮下层藻类的种类和数量明显减少。

关 键 词:古尔班通古特沙漠  生物结皮  藻类  种类组成  生态分布
文章编号:1000-4025(2005)10-2048-08
收稿时间:03 15 2005 12:00AM
修稿时间:2005-03-152005-09-06

Composition and Ecological Distribution of the Algae Living in the Gurbantonggut Desert of Xinjiang
ZHANG Bing-chang,ZHANG Yuan-ming,ZHAO Jian-cheng.Composition and Ecological Distribution of the Algae Living in the Gurbantonggut Desert of Xinjiang[J].Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica,2005,25(10):2048-2055.
Authors:ZHANG Bing-chang  ZHANG Yuan-ming  ZHAO Jian-cheng
Institution:1 College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050016, China; 2 Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Urumqi 830011, China
Abstract:73 soil samples of algae taken from biologically crusted soil of 9 quadrats located in the Gurbantonggut Desert were used to culture and identify their algae on purpose of analyzing the composition and ecological distribution of the algae in the Gurbantonggut Desert. The results showed that in the desert, there were 121 species and 49 genera of algae of which belonged to Cyanophyta, Chlorophyta, Bacillariophyta and Euglenophyta. The species were composed of 83 blue algae, 20 green algae, 11 diatoms and 7 euglenoids. The blue algae made up 68. 60% of the total species number and filamentous species were their dominant species accounting for 66. 27%; the green algae were mainly composed of unicellular species. The algae showed somewhat different species diversities and population compositions in the different parts of the Gurbantonggut Desert, the most diverse in the middle part, more diverse in the northern and southern parts and remarkably less diverse in the eastern and western parts. In the desert dunes, a minority of the algae species was not obviously selective to geomorphologic positions while some differently distributed in different geomorphologic locations. The algae differently distributed in different layers of the biologically crusted soil, abundant in species and numbers and mainly consisting of filamentous species in the biologically crusted soil but declining in its species and numbers the layers below the biologically crusted soil.
Keywords:Gurbantonggut Desert  biological crust  algae  species composition  ecological distribution
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