被子植物花的起源:假说和证据

达尔文的 令人讨厌之谜 ,即被子植物的起源和早期演化 ,一直是植物系统学研究领域的热点 .被子植物区别于其它植物类群的一个显著特征就是花 ,因此 ,解决被子植物的起源之谜很大程度上取决于对被子植物花器官起源的研究 .对被子植物花器官的详尽研究已经在形态、解剖、古植物、形态发生、分子等方面积累了大量的证据 ,植物学家基于这些证据为被子植物花器官的起源提出了各种各样的解释 .综述了迄今为止被子植物花器官起源的主要学说流派 ,如 :真花学说、假花学说、生殖叶学说、生殖茎节学说、生花植物学说、新假花学说、古草本学说和 ANITA学说等 .根据研究手段和获得证据的方式 ,作者将被子植物花器官起源研究划分为 5个阶段 ,并简要阐述了各个阶段的代表学说和主要研究特点

Origin of flowers:hypotheses and evidence

This paper reviewed the hypotheses hitherto proposed on Darwin's abominable mys- tery,viz. origin of angiosperm flowers. Origin and early evolution of angiosperms have been the hotspots in the field of plant systematics since Darwin. New methods and new techniques have greatly speeded up the process of accumulation and analysis of evidence. Evidence from morphology, anatomy, palaeobotany, ontogeny and molecular etc has been amassed especially in the last century. All these kinds of evidence provide new insights into the origin and early evolution of angiosperm flowers and a variety of hypotheses have been proposed, such as the euanthial scenario, the pseudanthial scenario, the gonophyll theory, Meeuse's anthorm theory, the anthophyte scenario, the neo-pseudanthial scenario, the paleoherb hypothesis, and the ANITA hypothesis etc. Five major phases are recognized in the research history of origin of flowers, main hypotheses in each phase are briefly presented.