秦岭种子植物区系的性质和特点及其与毗邻地区植物区系关系

依据秦岭种子植物补遗和相关文献资料,采用植物区系地理学研究方法,分析了秦岭地区种子植物区系的性质、特点,并与其它7个毗邻地区植物区系进行比较。结果表明:(1)秦岭山地植物种类繁多,区系成分极为丰富,种子植物164科,1 052属,3 839种。(2)秦岭区系是以温带成分为主,温带区系成分占该区总属数的58.75%,具有绝对优势,同时表现出明显的过渡性特点,是亚热带和温带植物区系的交汇区。(3)区系成分中原始种类、孑遗成分多,表现出明显古老性。(4)秦岭植物区系与大别山、巴山、横断山脉植物区系组成相近,有着一定关联性,并且还与西藏色季山区系较为相关,但秦岭植物区系与祁连山北坡、贺兰山有较大差异。

Characteristics of the Seed Plants Flora in Qinling Mountains and Its Relationship with Floras in Other Mountains

Based on field investigation and references,we analyzed the floristic characteristics of seed plant in Qinling Mt.,and the relationship between the folra of Qinling Mt.and 7 floras.The results showed that:(1)There are 3 839 species belonging to 164 families and 1 052 genera in Qinling Mt..(2)The geographical elements of the flora are comparatively complex,and the genera of temperate are the dominant areal types(618 genera,account for 58.75),but there was a transition from subtropical to temperate types.Thus,the research area is an important intersection region.(3)There were many ancient and relict spermatophyte species in Qinling Mt.,which represented a large proportion of endemic Chinese species and those with a nationally conserved status.Tertiary relict plant species are rich in abundance and they form an important part of plant communities in Qingling Mt.,which indicates that the origin of the flora is very ancient.(4)The flora of Qinling Mt.is very closed to Dabieshan Mt.,Bashan Mt.and Hengduanshan Mt.,and less close to Sejishan Mt..It is far from the north Qilianshan Mt.and Helanshan Mt..This shows that the Qinling Mt.range is the acknowledged north-south climatic boundary.