茶叶主要化学品质指标和茶树体部分微量元素的钙铝调控效应

以一年生茶树扦插苗为材料,采用水培法研究了添加钙铝对茶叶主要化学品质及茶树钙、铝、锌、铁吸收积累的调控效应.结果表明:(1)适量铝(10或20mg·L-1)有利于提高茶叶茶多酚、咖啡碱、黄酮、可溶性总糖和氨基酸的含量;添加钙可提高上述化学成分的含量,且在高铝浓度(30mg·L-1)下提高的幅度最大.(2)适量的铝可促进茶树对铝和铁的吸收和积累,而高浓度的铝(30mg·L-1)抑制茶树对铝和铁的吸收与积累;添加铝可降低茶树根对钙和锌的吸收,但适量添加铝不影响茎和叶对钙和锌的积累.(3)添加钙可提高茶树体钙的含量,降低铝和锌的吸收与积累,但对铁的吸收与积累没有明显影响.研究表明,铝和钙可调控茶叶化学品质含量和茶树体微量元素的吸收;合理控制茶园土壤铝积累,并适量补充钙可能有利于提高茶叶品质,创建生态高值茶园.

Manipulation Effects of Calcium and Aluminum on the Contents of Main Chemical Qualities of Tea Leaves and Distribution of Some Microelements in Different Modules of Tea Plants

In order to provide information on improving the chemical qualities and security of tea leaves,the effects of Ca and Al regulation on main chemical qualities of tea leaves and Ca,Al,Zn and Fe uptake and accumulation in tea plant were studied using water culture experiment with one-year cutting seedlings of variety fudingdabai.The results showed that:(1)Suitable Al addition (10 or 20 mg·L^-1) increased tea polyphenol,caffeine,flavone,total soluble sugar and amino acid contents of tea leaves.The Ca addition increased these chemical qualities of tea leaves under all Al treatments,especially at higher Al addition.Suitable Al addition promoted Al and Fe uptake and accumulation of tea plants,while higher Al addition (30 mg·L^-1) decreased Al and Fe contents.(2)The Al addition decreased Ca and Zn uptake by roots of tea plants,but suitable Al addition had no effect on Ca and Zn accumulation in shoots and leaves of tea plants.(3)The Ca addition increased Ca uptake and accumulation,decreased Al uptake and accumulation of tea plants and Zn content of tea leaves,and had no effect on Fe uptake and accumulation.These results suggested that Al and Ca can respectively and interactively regulate chemical qualities of tea leaves and microelement uptake of tea plants.Suitable Ca addition might be beneficial to increase chemical qualities of tea leaves and to establish ecological and efficient tea plantation.