中国春及其ph2b突变体与秦岭黑麦杂种胚胎发育的比较研究

对普通小麦中国春(CS)及其突变体(CSph2b)与秦岭黑麦远缘杂交的受精过程及其杂种早期胚胎发育进行了研究.结果显示,大部分秦岭黑麦花粉能在CS及CSph2b小麦柱头上萌发,花粉管可顺利伸入花柱和胚囊;CS和CSph2b已授粉子房中,分别有80.12%和84.80%完成双受精过程而形成正常胚及胚乳,也有小部分仅有卵核受精或极核受精而只形成胚或胚乳,两者总受精率分别为86.74%和88.89%,成胚率分别为83.73%和87.14%.表明中国春及其突变体CSph2b与秦岭黑麦的可杂交性都很高,并且CSph2b略高于CS.

Embryo Developments in the Hybrids of Chinese Spring and Its Mutant ph2b with Secale cereale cv. Qinling

The fertilization and early embryo development in the cross of common wheat Chinese spring(CS) and its mutant CSph2b were examined.It was shown that a majority of pollens produced by Qinling rye(Secale cereale cv.Qinling) could germinate on the stigmas of CS and CSph2b,and their pollen tubes could easily penetrate into the styles and embryo sacs of them;80.12% and 84.80% of the pollinated ovaries of CS and CSph2b could complete double fertilization and formed their normal embryos and endosperms,respectively,and a small proportion of the pollinated ovaries of them could only get their egg nuclei fertilized and form embryos or endosperms,so that the overall percentages of the pollinated ovaries of them were separately 86.74% and 88.89% and the embryo-formation percentages of the pollinated ovaries of them were separately 83.73% and 87.14%.It followed that there was high cross-ability of Chinese spring and its mutant CSph2b with Secale cereale cv.Qinling and CSph2b appeared to have higher cross-ability than CS did.