半湿润地区氮磷钾配施对强筋小麦功能叶光合速率的影响

选用优质强筋小麦品种陕253为材料,研究了不同氮磷钾肥水平及组合对小麦生育后期主茎、主茎分蘖Ⅰ和主茎分蘖Ⅱ功能叶净光合速率的影响,结果表明:在不同的NPK肥配比处理中,功能叶净光合速率在蘖位、叶位间差异均极其显著,不同生育期间存在明显差异,具体表现为:孕穗期高于灌浆期,主茎>主茎分蘖Ⅰ>主茎分蘖Ⅱ,旗叶高于倒二叶.孕穗期以N225P120K120处理对茎蘖功能叶光合速率影响最为明显,分别比CK1和CK2增加20.41%和25.76%;灌浆期以N135P225K120处理对茎蘖旗叶净光合速率作用显著,分别比CK1和CK2增加43.48%和10.83%.研究发现,在一定磷钾肥基础上通过调节氮肥可以调节孕穗期茎蘖功能叶净叶光合速率,提高钾肥用量有利于提高灌浆期各茎蘖功能叶的净光合速率.

Photosynthetic Rate of Function Leaf of Strong Gluten Wheat with Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium Fertilizer Management in the Semi-Moisten Farm Ecological Region

Winter wheat variety 'Shaan 253' with strong gluten was chosen to study the effects of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer management on net photosynthesis rate of function leaf of main stem and its tillers at booting and filling stage.The results showed that there were significant difference on the net photosynthesis rate of function leaf among leaf sites and tiller sites,and between booting and filling stage by different NPK fertilizer management,viz.booting stage>filling stage,main stem>the first tiller of main stem>the second tiller of main stem,and flag leaf>the second leaf.At booting stage,the effects of N225P120K120 management on net photosynthesis rate of function leaf of main stem and tillers was the best,and increased 20.41%,25.76% than CK1 and CK2 respectively;At filling stage,the effects of N135P225K120 management on net photosynthesis rate of the flag leaf belonged to main stem and tillers was the best,and increased 43.48%,10.83% than CK1 and CK2 respectively.The net photosynthesis rate of main stem and its tillers could be significantly regulated by increasing nitrogen fertilizer at booting stage and by increasing potassium fertilizer at filling stage.