VE161小麦促进部分同源染色体配对的遗传

ＶＥ１６１小麦包括具有一对长穗偃麦草染色体的雄性不育代换系、可育附加系和杂育系，杂育系由其代换系×附加系产生。ＶＥ１６１小麦在与其它小麦品系的杂交Ｆ１中，具有促进部分同源染色体配对的作用，但其本身部分同源配对频率较低。研究结果表明，ＶＥ１６１小麦本身部分同源染色体配对水平较低，是因其小麦染色体组中存在有一对纯合隐性上位基因，它能够抑制Ｅ染色体（Ｅｐｈ基因），促进部分同源染色体配对作用的表达，而一般小麦品系中具有该基因的相对显性基因。同时，在促进小麦部分同源染色体配对作用上，Ｅ染色体（Ｅｐｈ基因）具有剂量效应

Inheritance of homoeologous chromosome promoted by VE161 wheat

VE161 wheat contains male sterile substitution line,fertile addition line and fertile heterozygous line with one pair of Elytrigia elongatum chromosomes.The heterozygous line was produced by the substitution line crossed with the addition line.VE161 wheat can promote homoeologous chromosomes pairing in F 1 s from crosses with common wheat,but the frequencies of homoeologous chromosome pairing are lower in themselves.The results showed that the reason why the frequencies of homoeologous chromosome pairing in VE161 wheat are lower in themselves is a pair of recessive epistasis genes existing in the wheat genome of VE161 that can repress the function of homoeologous chromosome pairing promote by the E chromosome (Eph gene),but their dominant genes exist in most of common wheat varieties.The results also showed that the E chromosome (Eph gene) expressed dosage effect on promoting homoeologous chromosome pairing.