盐胁迫下芦苇叶肉细胞超微结构的研究

对青藏高原柴达木盆地柯柯盐湖边盐碱地上生长的芦苇叶肉细胞的超微结构进行了研究，并以西宁地区非盐碱地上生长的芦苇作对照。结果表明：西宁地区的芦苇叶肉细胞的叶绿体呈椭圆形，其膜系统完整，基粒片层和基质片层发育良好。在盐碱地上生长的芦苇叶肉细胞的叶绿体呈圆形，叶绿体内出现较大的淀粉粒，并发现有线粒体嵌入叶绿体的现象。叶绿体的类囊体膨大，线粒体的嵴也有膨大的现象。在盐湖水中生长的芦苇叶肉细胞，叶绿体的类囊体排列紊乱、扭曲、松散。类囊体膜局部被破坏，部分类囊体膜解体，空泡化，甚至消失，一些溶解了的类囊体流进细胞质中。综上所述，芦苇叶肉细胞超微结构的变化是该植物适应柯柯盐湖地区盐渍、低温、低气压、强辐射等环境因子的结果。

Study of ultrastructure of Phragmites communis mesophyll cell under salt stress

In this paper,the transformation of the ultrastructure of Phragmities communis -a typical halophytes species grown in Chaidamu Basin,is emphatically studied under salt stress and compared with those collected from Xining. The chloroplast shows ellipse in shape, the integral of membrane system,grana lamella and stroma lamella of chloroplast were also well-developed can be observed from Phragmities communis mesophyll cell which grown in Xining.The mitochondria embedded in the chloroplast,it is very close at distance between the chloroplast and the chloroplast,the mitochondria around the chloroplast increased obviously,the morphology of chloroplast changed into round,there appears large starch grain in the chloroplasts has been observed from Phragmities communis mesophyll cell which grown in saline-alkali land. In addition,in their stroma lamella and grana lamella of chloroplast ,swelling phenomenon,the boundary between stroma lamella and grana lamella is obscure,the cristae of mitochondria became swollen can also be observed obviously from Phragmities communis mesophyll cell which grown in saline-alkali land.The arrangement of the thylakoid is disordered, loosened,twisted,swelling of thylakoids of chloroplast was enhanced,the chloroplast membrane started to be destroyed,some of them disintegrated and cavitated gradually,even disappeared and some dissolved thylakoids that flew into cytoplasm has been observed from Phragmities communis mesophyll cell which grown in Keke salt lake.To sum up mentioned above, the obvious change in ultrastructure of the phragmites communis mesophyll cell was the result of the plant adapted into environmental factors,such as salinity,low temperature,low atmospheric pressure,strong radiation,and so on in Keke salt lake.