外来入侵种黄顶菊及其伴生植物光合特性初步研究

以不同生育期的外来入侵植物黄顶菊及其4种伴生杂草为材料,在实验网室条件下测定比较了它们的基本光合和叶绿素荧光特性,从而探讨黄顶菊具有高生物量及较强入侵性的原因,为其防控提供理论依据.结果表明:(1)5种植物的净光合速率日变化均呈单峰曲线,黄顶菊净光合速率以现蕾期最高,且大于其他4种伴生杂草;(2)3个生长时期的黄顶菊水分利用效率低于棒头草,高于齿果酸模和曼陀罗,而与反枝苋相当,显示较高的抗旱性;(3)影响5种植物光合速率主要因子为非气孔因素,影响黄顶菊以及棒头草、反枝苋等的主要生态因子是光合有效辐射,显示出其较强的喜光特性;(4)5种植物在午间较强的光照条件下均发生了不同程度光抑制,处于现蕾期和开花期的黄顶菊以及其余3种植物午间的Fv/Fm有轻微下降,其PSⅡ实际光化学效率维持在较高的水平.可见,黄顶菊具有较强的光合能力,更适应于在夏季高温干旱的环境下生长,从而表现出较强的入侵性.

Basic Photosynthetic Characteristics of Exotic Invasive Weed Flaveria bidentis and Its Companion Species

The photosynthetic and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of Flaveria bidentis,a new exotic invasive weed species,and its 4 companion species were comparatively studied.The results were as follows:(1)The diurnal variation of net photosynthetic rate(Pn) in leaves of five plants presented a single-peak curve pattern,and Flaveria bidentis plants in budding stage have the highest Pn value,compared to ones in other growing stages and 4 companion species;(2)Comparing to other weedy species,the Flaveria bide...