玉米自交系×大刍草远缘杂交后代性状变异研究初探

采用人工剥苞多次授粉方法，将近缘一年生二倍体类玉米（大刍草）与普通玉米自交系杂交，对F1、F2以及回交后代B1的抽雄期、吐丝期、散粉期、株高、穗位高、分蘖进行调查研究，分析远缘杂交后代农艺性孳的遗传变化。结果表明，远缘杂交后代株高、穗化高分离变异较大，而抽雄期、吐丝期、散粉期分离变异较小，不同世代植株分蘖变化较大，F1代有57．5％植株、F2代有23％植株、BC1F1代有0．8％植株有分蘖；雌穗光周期敏感性大于雄穗。

Preliminary Study of Trait Variations in the Progenies of Inbred Maize Lines×Zea luxurians

With their pollination assisted by bracteal leaf opening,Zea luxurians,an annual quasi-corn diploid,was crossed with the inbred lines of common corn.Tasseling and silking times,pollen-dispersing,plant heights,heights to ear position and tillers of the F_1,F_2 as well as the backcross progenies were investigated to study the genetic variations of agronomic traits in the progenies of distant crossing.The results showed that the plant heights and the heights to ear position heavily varied in different generations of distant crossing except at the tasseling,silking and pollen-dispersing stages when they slightly varied;the progenies in different generations of distant crossing varied with the tiller-carrying plants accounting for 57.5% in F_1,23% in F_2,and 0.8% in BC_1F_1;The ears were more sensitive to light than the tassels.