台湾独蒜兰假鳞茎显微及超微结构观察

以休眠期的台湾独蒜兰(Pleione formosana)假鳞茎为试材，利用石蜡切片及透射电子显微镜，分别对假鳞茎的5个部位(假鳞茎基部、假鳞茎中部、假鳞茎外侧、假鳞茎与叶芽相接处、假鳞茎与花芽相接处)进行了系统观察分析。结果发现：(1)台湾独蒜兰假鳞茎5个部位均观察到液泡及不同程度液泡化的细胞，表皮细胞覆着有厚厚的蜡质层。(2)台湾独蒜兰假鳞茎基部、中部、外侧细胞中均存在一定的叶绿体，少量线粒体分布在其周围。(3)假鳞茎薄壁细胞中存在淀粉粒及造粉体，且造粉体伴随有形成淀粉粒的现象。(4)假鳞茎基部、中部、外侧及其与花芽相接处的薄壁细胞壁之间有大量胞间连丝，筛管-伴胞复合体与薄壁细胞间也存在胞间连丝，同时细胞间存在不同形状的细胞间隙。研究结果表明，台湾独蒜兰假鳞茎发挥了其作为储水器官、光合作用场所及储存碳水化合物的功能，同时休眠期间主要以共质体途径进行物质的交换与运输。

Micro and Ultra structure of Pseudobulb of Pleione formosana

In this paper, five parts of the pseudobulb of P. formosana in the dormant period were used as test materials. The base of pseudobulb, the middle part of pseudobulb, the lateral part of pseudobulb, the junction between pseudobulb and leaf bud, and the junction between pseudobulb and flower bud of pseudobulb were observed and analyzed by means of paraffin section and transmission electron microscopy. The results showed that: (1) vacuoles and vacuolated cells of different degrees were observed in 5 parts of pseudobulb of P. formosa. The epidermal cells were covered with thick waxy layer. (2) There were some chloroplasts in the base, middle and lateral cells of P. formaosa pseudobulbs, and a few mitochondria were distributed around them. (3) Starch grains and powder were found in parenchyma cells of pseudobulbs, and the powder was accompanied by accumulation of starch grains. (4) There were a lot of plasmodesmata between the parenchyma cell wall at the base, middle and lateral of pseudobulb and the junction with flower bud. Plasmodesmata also existed between the sieve tubule accessory cell complex and the parenchyma cells, and there were intercellular spaces of different shapes between the cells. The results showed that pseudobulbs of P. formosana played their functions as water storage organs, photosynthetic sites and carbohydrate storage organs, and at the same time, material exchange and transportation were mainly through the symplast pathway during the dormancy period.