小麦族植物的属间亲缘和系统发育的探讨

STUDIES ON RELATIONSHIPS AMONG THE GENERA AND PHYLOGENESIS OF THE TRIBE TRITICEAE

In the present paper, 17 native and introduced genera of Triticeaehave been studied. Based on the inflorescence evolution and the struc- ture of abaxial epidermis of leaf and of the mature embryo, the relation-ships among the genera of Triticeae have been explored, and the phy-logenetic chart of this tribe is proposed. With the viewpoint of combining inflorescence with its spikelets andflorets, the inflorescence evolution in this tribe have been analysed.The evolutionary steps of the epidermis structure of leaf agree with tho-se of inflorescence. In general, the structure of mature embryo differslittle in Triticeae, but the twisting states of embryonic buds and thenumber of vascular bounds they contain are still significant to the ar-rangment of taxonomic system of this tribe. As a conclution, Triticeae is divided into 3 subtribes: (1) SubtribeTriticinae, Triticum, Aegilops, Haynaldia, Eremopyrum,Heteranthelium and Se-cale which subordinate to this subtribe have mutually close relations,and own the high position in the phylogeny of the tribe; Elytrigia andLeymus also have close relations to Triticum; Agropyron, Roegneria andElymus are relatively distant to Triticum in this subtribe. (2) SubtribeHordeinae is somehow independent in the phylogeny of Trititceae, butLeymus and Elymus show relations with some genera of this subtribe byvarious features, and thus, can be regarded as the bridge between thetwo subtribes. (3) Subtribe Henrardiinae contains only Henrardia, it isrelatively close to Triticinae and advanced in the phylogenesis.