灌溉对毛竹冬笋品质的影响

选取同一地形、长势一致的毛竹林为材料，分析比较灌溉与不灌溉毛竹林冬笋外观品质(个体重量、最大直径、长度、可食率)、营养品质(淀粉、蛋白质、脂肪、可溶性糖、维生素C)、呈味物质(单宁、草酸)、纤维素类物质(纤维素、木质素)以及不同类氨基酸含量的差异，研究灌溉对毛竹冬笋品质的影响，为冬笋的科学培育提供依据。结果表明：(1)灌溉显著提高了毛竹冬笋的个体重量、最大直径、长度以及可食率(P<0.05)。(2)灌溉显著提高了毛竹冬笋的淀粉和维生素C含量，并显著降低了单宁、草酸、纤维素以及木质素含量(P<0.05)，但对蛋白质、脂肪、可溶性糖等指标含量影响不显著。(3)灌溉显著提升了毛竹冬笋中必需氨基酸、半必需氨基酸、鲜味氨基酸的含量以及占比(P<0.05)，但对甜味和苦味氨基酸总含量影响不显著。研究发现，灌溉改善了毛竹冬笋生长和外观品质，以及呈味物质、纤维素类物质、必需氨基酸、半必需氨基酸和鲜味氨基酸含量等营养品质指标，从而显著提升了冬笋品质。

Effect of Irrigation on the Shoot Quality of Phyllostachys edulis in Winter

In the current study, Phyllostachys edulis with uniform growth characteristics, which grew in consistent geographical environment, as the materials, we measured the difference of bamboo appearance quality (individual weight, maximum diameter, length, and edible rate), nutritional quality (starch, protein, fat, soluble sugar, and vitamin C), flavor substances (tannins and oxalic acid), cellulosic substances (cellulose and lignin), and different amino acids of winter bamboo shoots under irrigated and non irrigated treatments. We aimed to explore the effect of irrigation on the shoot quality of P. edulis in winter, which provided the theoretical basis for the scientific cultivation of winter bamboo shoots. The results showed that: (1) the treatment of irrigation significantly increased the individual weight, maximum diameter, length, and edible rate of winter bamboo shoots (P<0.05). (2) The treatment of irrigation significantly increased the contents of starch, vitamin C, and reduced the contents of tannin, oxalic acid, cellulose, and lignin (P<0.05). The treatment of irrigation had no significant impact on the contents of protein, fat, and soluble sugar etc. (3) The treatment of irrigation significantly increased the contents and proportion of essential amino acids, semi essential amino acids, and umami amino acids (P<0.05). In contrast, it had no significant effect on the total contents of sweet and bitter amino acids. The treatment of irrigation had a significant effect on the shoot quality of winter bamboo. Irrigation can improve the appearance, flavor substances, cellulose substances, essential amino acids, semi essential amino acids, umami amino acids, and other indicators of winter bamboo shoots, to improve the shoot quality of winter bamboo.