疏花对富士苹果光合同化物分配的外部调节和生理表现

在盛花期，利用对树冠不同部位疏除花序的试验。对富士苹果树体内同化物的调配及其生理表现进行了研究。结果表明，苹果平均单果重和平均单果叶面积之间关系呈线性正相关。该相关关系在不同处理之间无差异（r=0.91)，充分说明在苹果树体内存在一个可自由流动的碳水化合物库或者说树体对结果具有光合调节作用，疏花可以从外部调节光合同化物分配的方向。对每株苹果树未结果部位和结果部位短枝及延长枝叶片净光合速率测定表明。结果和未结果部位光合速率没有显著差异。虽然疏花没有显著影响苹果单株枝条生长量和叶面积，但是，苹果树树冠全部疏除花序的一侧 或主枝的平均枝条生长量和叶面积去比该树其它结果部位分别平均高出153.5cm和8900cm^2，差异极为显著。苹果树疏除花序1/2或3/4的数量使苹果平均单果重比不疏花分别显著增加了33g或79g。而果实钙浓度每百克鲜重分别降低了1.62mg或2.66mg，充分说明当疏花显著地影响果实大小时，果实内钙浓度也会明显地发生相应的变化，虽然在疏花处理之间不同部位疏除花序没有影响单株花芽总数量，但是，每株树前一年春季疏花的部位比未疏花，结果的部位极显著地增加了花芽数量（SED=11.6)。

Adjustment of photoassimilate partitioning of Malus pumila M. by flower thinning and its physiological performance

At full bloom,Fuji apple flower clusters were removed at different parts of Fuji apple tree to research its effects on adjustment of photoassimilate partitioning and its physiological response.The results show that,mean fruit weight per tree at harvest was linearly dependent on leaf area per fruit,these relationship did not differ between treatments ( r =0.91),implying either a very mobile pool of carbohydrate or photo synthetic adjustment of partitioning from metabobic source to metabolic sink by flower thinning,Measurements of leaf photosynthesis showed no significant differences in photosynthetic rate of spur or extension shoot leaves on bearing or non bearing branches.Although the treatments caused no overall effects on shoot growth or leaf area per tree,sides of trees without fruit had greater leaf area and shoot growth than did sides bearing fruit,the differences are 8 900 cm 2 and 153.5 cm respectively.Fruit weight was significantly increased by 33 g or 79 g through half tree of three out of four flower cluster thinning,consequently fruit calcium concentration was decreased by 1.62 or 2.66 mg/100g fresh weight respectively,it means that fruit calcium concentration was significantly affected by the treatments that significantly altered fruit size.In the following spring,although the treatments did not affect the number of flower buds produced per tree,branches that were deflowered in the previous spring carried significantly more flower buds than did branches which had cropped.