下延叉蕨和芽胞叉蕨配子体发育的研究

利用光学显微镜详细观察了叉蕨属(Tectaria)下延叉蕨(Tectaria decurrens)和芽胞叉蕨(T.fauriei)的配子体发育过程,记录了配子体各发育阶段的特征。结果表明:(1)下延叉蕨和芽胞叉蕨的孢子均为单裂缝,具周壁,由周壁形成纹饰,孢子极面观椭圆形,赤道面观豆形或肾形。(2)孢子萌发方式为向心型。(3)原叶体发育方式为三叉蕨型。(4)成熟原叶体心脏形,两翼向斜上方扩展。(5)均具单细胞和多细胞毛状体,在丝状体或片状体阶段出现。研究认为,从配子体发育角度看,叉蕨属是较进化的陆生真蕨类;毛状体的类型、位置和出现时间等特征在叉蕨属种间存在差异,可作为该属种间分类的特征。

Development of Gametophytes of Tectaria decurrens and Tectaria fauriei

We used light microscopy to observe the spore germination and gametophytic development of two species belonging to Tectaria:Tectaria decurrens (Presl) Cop.and T.fauriei Tagawa.The characteristics of each gametophytic development stage were recorded.Both T.decurrens and T.fauriei had the following characteristics in common:(1)The spores are monolete,kidney-shaped or fabiform in equatorial view and elliptical in polar view,and the surface is formed by perispore.(2)The germination pattern is of the Centripetal.(3)The developmental pattern of the prothallus is of the Aspidium-type.(4)Adult prothallium is cordate-thalloid and the wings extend obliquely upward.(5)The gametophytes have unicellular and miulticellular hairs,which appear in filaments or thalli stages.The Tectaria is a more evolved terrestrial fern according to gametophytic development;The type,location and timing of appearance of hairs differ in Tectaria.