甘蓝型油菜雄性不育系160S育性转换与利用

以甘蓝型油菜雄性不育系160S为试验材料,分别在自然栽种和人工控温条件下对其花器官形态变化、花粉育性转换和杂种优势等进行了初步研究,以探讨植物温敏雄性不育的发生机制。结果表明:环境温度对160S的花器官形态及育性转换具有明显的作用,高温可使花瓣变小,雄蕊退化,花粉活力、角粒数与自交有效结角率降低,表现为低温可育、高温不育,育性变化趋势表现为完全可育-半不育-彻底败育。160S恢复源广泛,且具有较好的配合力和杂种优势,为利用两系法生产油菜杂交种提供了一个较好的途径。

Fertility Alteration and Utilization of Male-sterile Line 160S in Brassica napus

Comparison on the flower morphologic,pollen fertility alteration and utilization of male sterile line 160S in Brassica napus were conducted.The results showed that the temperature was the main factor to flower morphologic and pollen fertility alteration.Under male sterile conditions,the anthers of 160S were all smaller than that of normal ones and the pollens were completely male sterile.The percentage of pollen fertility,the self-pollenated pod-setting ratio and seed number per pod decreased along with temperature rising,and the fertility transformation direction was fertile,part fertile and then complete sterile.The results of test cross with varieties showed that all testers could restore the sterility of 160S at high restore ability.160S has high specific combining ability and heterosis,it can be used to produce hybrid seeds according to the two-line hybrid system model and is a prominent approach to utilizing heterosis in rapeseed.