盾叶薯蓣元素组成特点及其与土壤营养元素的关系研究

盾叶薯蓣(Dioscorea zingiberensis Wright)根状茎与地上部分各元素的含量明显不同，根状茎中含镍、铁、磷、铝量远高于地上部分，镁、钙、锰量远低于地上部分；盾叶磐蓣对钾、锌、铁等元素的吸收量大于农作物；根状拳与地上部分的比值(R2／U2)较大；大量元素在根状茎中的含量(A)及地上部分含量(B)的大小排序差别较大，微量元素含量A、B值的大小排序完全一致。盾叶薯蓣根状茎的皂素平均含量为2．87％，皂素含量与土壤有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾、有效铁、有效锌含量关系密切。薯蓣皂素含量高的盾叶薯蓣集中分布在大巴山北坡东段化龙山脉一线。

Element Composition of Dioscorea zingiberensis and Its Relation with Soil Nutrients

Elements both in dioscore plant and soil were analysed.The analysis showed that the content of each element was different between yam tuber and stem.Compared with the element contents in yam stem,Ni,Fe,P,and Al were much higher and Ca,Mg,Mn were much lower.Yam absorbs more K,Zn,Fe than other crops did the ratio of element absorption amount in yam tuber to the in stem (R2/U2) was big,There was a big difference between macro element contents in tuber (A) and stem (B),the order of microelement is the same.Yam contained (2.87%) of diosgenin.There was close relation of diosgenin content with the amount of O.M.,total N,total P,total K,available Fe and Zn.The samples with high content of diosgenin concentrated on northern slope of Hualong range of Daba mountains.