不同施肥水平对不同品种小麦籽粒蛋白质和地上器官游离氨基酸含量的影响

研究了小麦不同品种开花后各地上器官游离氨基酸含量的变化动态及其与籽粒蛋白质含量的关系，以及氮素营养的调节作用。结果表明，小麦叶片和颖壳十穗轴游离氨基酸含量均在开花后持续增加，至花后14d达到最大值，之后开始下降。茎和叶鞘游离氨基酸含量则在开花后上升较缓慢，至花后21d达最大值。籽粒游离氨基酸含量一般在开花后就持续降低。各地上器官游离氨基酸含量与成熟期籽粒蛋白质含量均呈显著或极显著正相关，说明源器宫中游离氨基酸供应充足，有利于籽粒蛋白质积累。增施氮肥能够提高各地上器官中的游离氨基酸含量，进而促进籽粒蛋白质的合成，提高籽粒蛋白质含量。品种之间籽粒蛋白质含量的差异，是由各地上营养器官向籽粒运输氨基酸的综合作用所造成的。

The effects of different fertilization Ievel on grain protein and free amino acid content of organs above ground of different wheat variety

In this article the change of the free amino acid content of the different variety wheat organs above the ground and the relationship with the grain protein along with the modulation of nitrogen nutri-tion were studied. The results showed that the free amino acid content of leaf, ear axis and husks all increased continuously after anthesis and reached the maximum value after anthesis 14 days,then began to declined. The free amino acid content of stem and sheath increased slowly after anthesis and reached the maximum value until anthesis 21 days. Commonly,The Free amino acid content of grain declined continu-ously after anthesis. The free amino acid content of different organs above the ground and the protein content of mature grain were significant or best significant positive correlation. The results showed that the free amino acid was supplied abundantly so it was benefit for the accumulation of grain protein. Increased nitrogenous fertilizer can increase the free amino acid content of different organs above the ground and that can advance the synthesis of the grain protein and increase the content of grain protein. The difference of the grain protein content in varieties was resulted by the transportation of amino acid from nutrition organs above the ground to grains.