濒危植物马蹄参的小孢子发生和雄配子体发育

采用常规石蜡切片法观察马蹄参小孢子形成和雄配子体发育的过程,探讨其濒危机制与雄性生殖发育的关系,为马蹄参的保护与繁殖提供基础资料。结果表明:(1)花药具4个花粉囊,花药壁由表皮、药室内壁、中层、绒毡层4层构成,花药壁的发育类型为基本型;(2)小孢子母细胞减数分裂时胞质分裂为同时型,四分体排列方式为四面体型;(3)成熟花粉为2-细胞型;(4)扫描电镜观察发现马蹄参成熟花粉极面观呈钝三角形,赤道面观呈长球形,具3个萌发孔。研究认为,马蹄参不存在雄性生殖结构与发育过程异常。

Microsporogenesis and Development of Male Gametophyte in Endangered Species Diplopanax stachyanthus Hand.-Mazz.

Here we characterize microsporogenesis and development of male gametophytes by using paraffin sections to study the relationship between the endangered mechanism and the male reproductive development.In addition,the study provides a basic information for the protection and propagation of Diplopanax stachyanthus Hand.-Mazz.The results are as follows:(1)anthers are tetrasporangiate,and the microsporangium wall is composed of epidermis,endothecium,middle layers and tapetum.The development type of anther wall is of basic type;(2)cytokinesis during meiosis of microspore mother cells(MMCs) is simultaneous,and the tetrad is tetrahedral;(3)the nature pollen is two-celled;(4)scanning electron microscope observation shows that it is obtuse-triangular in pole view and oblong-globose in equatorial view,with three apertures.The study suggests that there is no abnormal development of male reproductive structure of D.stachyanthus Hand.-Mazz..