青海云杉花芽分化期内源激素含量的变化特征

采用酶联免疫法测定并分析了中国青藏高原东北边缘特有树种青海云杉花芽分化过程中内源激素的变化,以期为调控青海云杉花期调控提供理论依据。结果表明:(1)内源激素吲哚乙酸(IAA)、赤霉素(GAs)、玉米素核苷(ZR)和脱落酸(ABA)含量的变化存在一定的相似性,它们分别在青海云杉花芽生理分化前期和形态分化前期出现高峰;青海云杉叶片ZR/GAs、ZR/IAA之值在花芽生理分化期达到峰值,而ABA/GAs值在花芽生理分化期总体呈递增趋势。(2)青海云杉花芽生理分化期,其顶芽、侧芽中可溶性糖及蛋白质皆出现高峰;形态分化前期,顶芽及侧芽中蛋白质含量下降,但可溶性糖含量持续上升;而花芽生理分化期间,叶片中核酸含量总体皆呈递增趋势。研究认为,较高的ZR/GAs、ZR/IAA有利于青海云杉花芽生理分化,但对维持花芽形态分化可能不是必须的,而高的ABA/GAs、ABA/IAA可能是花芽形态分化能够顺利完成所不可缺少的;可溶性糖、蛋白质、核酸等结构物质和能量物质的积累有利于青海云杉花芽生理分化的完成。

Content Changes of Endogenous Hormones during Flower Bud Differentiation of Picea crassifolia

The content changes of endogenous hormones of northeastern Tibetan plateau endemism species Picea crassifolia during flower bud differentiation were determined and analyzed.The results show that:(1)The changes of endogenous hormones GAs,IAA,ZR and ABA were similar;They all have peaks at the earlier stage of flower bud physiology differentiation and morphology differentiation.The ratios of ZR/GAs,ZR/IAA have peaks during flower bud physiological differentiation,while the ratio of ABA/GAs has an increasing trend.(2)During flower bud physiology differentiation,both the soluble sugar and protein in the terminal bud and lateral bud are all in peak;During the early morphology differentiation,the content of protein in the terminal bud and lateral bud decreased,while the soluble sugar content continue to rise,and in the flower bud differentiation,the content of nucleic acid is in a increasing trend.A high rate of ZR/GAs,ZR/IAA is benefited to the flower bud physiological differentiation of P.crassifolia,but might not be necessary for the flower bud morphology differentiation;While a high rate of ABA/ GAs,ABA/IAA might be indispensable.The accumulation of the structure material and energy,such as soluble sugar,protein and nucleic acid is helpful for the completion of the P.crassifolia flower bud differentiation.