新疆阿克苏干旱区富士苹果树干液流动态变化研究

选择新疆阿克苏干旱区富士苹果为研究对象,利用TDP茎流计连续测定苹果树干液流,并用自动气象站同步记录环境因子变化,探讨环境因子对树干液流的影响。结果显示:液流速率连日的变化过程是一个最大值不同的正弦曲线,夜间液流速率降低,白天液流速率上升;晴天液流速率呈明显的单峰曲线,阴天液流速率表现为多峰或双峰曲线,不论是晴天还是阴天,苹果在夜间仍然有微弱的活动,这种现象可能与新疆阿克苏地区的地理位置和气候有关;在苹果主要生长季内,树干液流速率(Fs)与大气温度(Ta)、太阳辐射(Rn)、相对湿度(RH)有较好的复相关关系(R2=0.93*),且影响苹果树液流速率Fs的最主要气象因子为大气温度Ta;苹果生长季内耗水总量为4 059.64L,并以7月耗水量最大(765.34L),占耗水总量的18.85%。研究表明,TDP径流计能够精确测定生长季内苹果茎干的液流速率与耗水量,且在干旱区影响苹果茎干液流变化的主要环境因子依次是大气温度、太阳辐射、相对湿度。

Studies on the Variation Law of Stem Sap Flow of Fuji Apple in Arid Area

This test selected Fuji Apple in northwest arid area as research object.By using Thermal Dissipation Probe to successively measure the stem sap flow and automatic weather station to synchronously record the change of circumstance factors,we investigated the effects of circumstance factors on stem sap flow velocity (SFV).The main results showed that:Stem sap flow velocity of Fuji Apple in a series of days took on irregular sine curve with different peak values which decreased during the night and increased during the daytime;the sap flow velocity took on obvious single peak curve in clear days while in cloudy days it presented double peak curve or multi peak curve.Whether it was clear days or cloudy days,apple still had weak movement in the night,this phenomenon may have relationship with the unique geographical position and climate condition of Aksu;during the main growth period,sap flow velocity (Fs) had multiple correlation with atmospheric temperature (T_a),solar radiation (Rn) and relative humidity (RH),among which atmospheric temperature was the main influencing factor;in the whole growing season,the total water consumption of Fuji Apple was 4 059.64 L,of which water consumption in July was 765.34 L which was the highest,taking 18.85 percent of total water consumption.Research indicated that thermal dissipation probe can accurately measure the sap flow velocity and water consumption of Fuji Apple,furthermore,the main environment factors affect sap flow velocity are in the sequence of atmospheric temperature (T_a),solar radiation (Rn),relative humidity (RH).