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Histone shuttling by poly ADP-ribosylation
Authors:Felix R Althaus  Liane Höfferer  Hanna E Kleczkowska  Maria Malanga  Hanspeter Naegeli  Phyllis L Panzeter  Claudio A Realini
Institution:(1) Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zürich-Tierspital, Winterthurerstrasse 260, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
Abstract:The enzymes poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase and poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase may cooperate to drive a histone shuttle mechanism in chromatin. The mechanism is triggered by binding of the N-terminal zinc-finger domain of the polymerase to DNA strand breaks, which activates the catalytic activities residing in the C-terminal domain. The polymerase converts into a protein carrying multiple ADP-ribose polymers which displace histones from DNA by specifically targeting the histone tails responsible for DNA condensation. As a result, the domains surrounding DNA strand breaks become accessible to other proteins. Poly(ADP0ribose) glycohydrolase attacks ADP-ribose polymers in a specific order and thereby releases histones for reassociation with DNA. Increasing evidence from different model systems suggests that histone shuttling participates in DNA repairin vivo as a catalyst for nucleosomal unfolding.
Keywords:poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase  poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase  DNA repair  chromatin  nucleosomal unfolding  NAD+
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