Calreticulin: not just another calcium-binding protein |
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Authors: | Piers D Nash Michal Opas Marek Michalak |
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Institution: | (1) Cardiovascular Disease Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, 424 Heritage Medical Research Center, University of Alberta, T6G 2S2 Edmonton, Alberta;(2) Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Toronto, M5S 1A8 Toronto, Ontario, Canada |
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Abstract: | In this paper we review some of the rapidly expanding information about calreticulin, a Ca2+-binding/storage protein of the endoplasmic reticulum. The emphasis is placed on the structure and function of calreticulin. We believe that calreticulin is a multifunctional Ca2+-binding protein and that distinct functional properties of the protein may be localized to each of the three structural domains of calreticulin. Most evidence indicates that calreticulin is a resident endoplasmic reticulum protein. However, it can also be found outside of the endoplasmic reticulum compartment, i.e. in the nuclear envelope, in the nucleus, in the cytotoxic granules in T-lymphocytes and in acrosomal vesicles of sperm cells. The evidence reviewed here clearly suggests that calreticulin has other functions in addition to its role as a Ca2+ storage protein in the endoplasmic reticulum.Abbreviations SR
sarcoplasmic reticulum
- ER
endoplasmic reticulum |
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Keywords: | calreticulin calcium binding proteins endoplasmic reticulum calcium storage |
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