云南澜沧江流域土地利用和覆盖变化

由人类活动引起的土地利用和地被覆盖的变化是地球上环境变化的主要原因。上世纪90年代是云南省经济发展和环境变化的活跃时期。本文通过现代卫星遥感技术、地理信息系统和其它多学科手段相结合 ,系统调查评估了云南澜沧江流域 1990年至 1998年间土地利用和地被覆盖的变化 ,结果显示流域中林业用地面积从 1990年的 6 4 9%增长到 1998年的6 6 4 % ,但是森林有林地 (郁闭度 >30 %的天然林和人工林 )从 1990年的 5 2 6 %减少到 1998年的 35 3%。并且分析大规模商业性森林砍伐、基础建设、经济作物的种植、刀耕火种、薪材过度采集和砍伐建筑用材等引起了森林的结构的显著变化和退化 ,从而导致了生物多样性的下降。

Land Use and Land Cover in Lancang Watershed of Yunnan

Human activities, resulted in land use and land co v er changes, are main causes of global environmental change. In 1990s, Yunnan had experienced very active economic development and environmental changes. This pa per assessed the land use and land cover change between 1990 and 1998 in Lancang watershed by applying remote sensing, Geographic Information System (GIS) and o ther disciplines. It showed that the state designated forestland had increased f rom 64 9% in 1990 to 66 4% in 1998, however forest cover (natural forest and a rtificial forest with closed canopy>30%) had decreased from 52 6% in 1990 to 35 3% due to large scale logging,infrastructure development, cash crop plantatio n, shifting cultivation and over collection of fuelwood and construction materi al, which resulted in change of forest structure and loss of biodiversity.