热带速生耐旱树种榆绿木的研究

榆绿木(Anogeissus acuminata var.lanceolata)在我国为一新纪录种,发现于云南省思茅县小橄榄坝为中心的狭窄河谷地带。本文对榆绿木的生态习性、生长特性和自然更新状况作了详细的分析,并对其材质和材性进行测定。榆绿木的气干容重为0.896 g/cm~3;顺纹抗压和抗弯强度之和高达1775 kg f/cm~2;静曲弹性模量203000 kg f/cm~2;冲击韧性达1.385kq f. m/Cm~2,是具有高强度、高韧性的工业用材。可作建筑、车辆、农具、体育运动器材及军工等用材。速生、耐旱,是一种有前途的干热河谷造林树种,还可作鞣料林和能源薪炭林栽培,具有很高的生态和经济价值。本文还对这一树种目前所面临的威胁作了分析,为合理开发利用及保护榆绿木森林资源提出了建议。

A STUDY ON THE TROPICAL FAST-GROWING AND DROUGHT RESISTANT TREE SPECIES-ANOGEISSUS ACUMINATA VAR. LANCEOLATA

Anogeissus acurninata (Roxb. ex DC. ) Guill. ct Perr. var. lanceolata Wall, ex Clarke is a newly recorded plant in China. It is found in the narrow valley region of the middle reaches of Mekong river centered by Xiao Ganlanba in Simao county, Yunnan province, and is characterized by fast-growing and tolerating of hot and drought. Its wood is quite strong and tough. Moreover, its leaf and bark are rich in tannin. This paper deals with the ecological habits, regulation of growth, natural regeneration, seed characteristics and growth speed under cultivating condition of this tree species. The wood structure, properties and uses are discussed in this paper. Experiments show the following data, air dry density 0.896 g/cm3; the sum of compressive strength parallel to grain and static bending strength 1775 kgf/cm2; the modulus of static bending elasticity 203000 kgf/cm2; impact resistance 1.385 kgf ?m/cm2. This kind of timber can be used for building and vehicle construction materials, making farm implement, gymnestic equipment and parts of arms. It is deep-rootedness and adapts to dry climate condition, and is a prospective tree species for afforestation in hot and dry region or for tannin and fuelwood plantation. However, this species is threatened seriously in its habitat. Suggestions for efficient protection and reasonable exploitation of the valuable natural resources are made in this paper as well.