山茶科濒危植物猪血木的生态与繁殖特性

在广东省阳春市八甲镇地区发现濒危和特有植物猪血木（Euryodendron excelsum)80余株个体及其自然居群，通过其生境条件，分布格局，群落组成，物候，种子散布和种子萌发实验等研究。结果显示该植物生长繁殖正常；其种子散布以黄臀鹎（Pycnonotus xanthorrhous)等鸟类散布为主，但鸟类消化处理不是其种子萌发的必要条件，湿度保持是其种子保持活力的重要条件；其种子无休眠期，同时探讨了该植物的濒危状况的原因。提出了相应的保护建议和方案。

The Ecological and Reproduction Characteristics of Euryodendron excelsum, a Critically Endangered Plant from Theaceae

More than 80 individuals of Euryodendron excelsum H.T.Chang, a critically endangered species which was thought only several individuals still living, and its natural population are newly found in Bajia region of Yangchun County, Guangdong Province. The environment condition, detail distribution pattern, population components, phenology, seeds dispersion style and seed germination tests as well as the rarity situation and causes of this plant are studied and analyzed. The results show that this plant can grow and reproduce normally. Two common birds, Pycnonotus xanthorrhous and Pycnonotus jocosus are the main birds for its seed dispersion, while the essential factor for its seed germination is not fruit treatment through digest system of bird but the moisture keeping of the seed. Its seeds have not dormancy. The causes of its rarity may be related with other factors like bird decrease,root microbe and shortage of habitant suitable for seed germinating and growing due to high density of agriculture. The solutions and measures of its protection are also suggested.