Metabarcoding技术在植物鉴定和多样性研究中的应用

目前植物学研究已进入后植物志时代，iFlora的实现需要以传统植物分类学及相关研究为基础，整合基于高通量测序的DNA条形码（DNAbareoding）技术并开发便携式快速鉴定仪器及构建信息平台。传统植物鉴定多基于形态学分类，而近年来快速发展的DNA条形码快速鉴定技术被各界分类学家认可，在植物鉴定中也被广泛应用。但DNA条形码技术仍存在一些问题亟待解决，如种的鉴定需要多个条形码的解析、Sanger测序平台无法处理混合样品。本文介绍了传统植物分类技术和DNA条形码技术在植物研究中的应用和遇到的瓶颈；并重点介绍了基于高通量测序的metabarcoding技术在植物鉴定及多样性研究中的应用及前景，及其与iFlora的关系。

The Application of Metabarcoding Technology in Identification of Plant Species Diversity

Botany has entered a post-Flora era. Benefited from traditional plant taxonomy and related studies, the success of iFlora requires the integration of DNA barcoding through state of art high-throughput-sequencing technolo- gies and portable equipment for rapid taxonomic identification and information platform. Traditional plant identifica- tion relies mostly on morphological features, while DNA barcoding has been widely applied as a complementary mo- lecular approach to facilitating fast species identification. However, issues remain in classic DNA barcoding, e. g., species-level resolution can only be achieved via multiple barcode markers; taxon identity cannot be revealed for pooled plant samples via Sanger sequencing. In this review, the authors introduce recent developments in metabar- coding, which is based on the next-generation-sequencing technologies, and its applications in a few key aspects in plant diversity and its potential role in iFlora.